A concave-convex metal plate of a floor heating system according to the present disclosure includes repeatedly bent concave and convex portions to transmit a load from an upper portion of a finishing material to a floor slab. Because the concave-convex metal plate includes the repeatedly bent concave and convex portions, resistance to the load from the upper portion is significantly improved, thus functioning as a floor structural material that may sufficiently withstand the load, while transferring the load from the upper portion of the finishing material to the floor slab.

A concave-convex metal plate of a floor heating system according to the present disclosure includes repeatedly bent concave and convex portions to transmit a load from an upper portion of a finishing material to a floor slab. Because the concave-convex metal plate includes the repeatedly bent concave and convex portions, resistance to the load from the upper portion is significantly improved, thus functioning as a floor structural material that may sufficiently withstand the load, while transferring the load from the upper portion of the finishing material to the floor slab.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to modular wall systems and methods of installing modular wall systems in hygienic environments. In one aspect, gap cover apparatus are disclosed. In one aspect, backplate arrangements are disclosed. In one aspect, non-progressive installation methods are disclosed. The modular wall systems can eliminate protruding ledges while maintaining structural integrity and hygienic properties.

Aspects of the present disclosure relate to modular wall systems and methods of installing modular wall systems in hygienic environments. In one aspect, gap cover apparatus are disclosed. In one aspect, backplate arrangements are disclosed. In one aspect, non-progressive installation methods are disclosed. The modular wall systems can eliminate protruding ledges while maintaining structural integrity and hygienic properties.

A manufacturing method is provided during which a plurality of first apertures are formed in a first plate to provide an apertured first plate. The apertured first plate is configured from or otherwise includes first plate metal. A first sheet is bonded to the apertured first plate to form a first grid structure. The first apertures extend through the apertured first plate to the first sheet. The first sheet is configured from or otherwise includes first sheet metal.

Electromagnetically shielded and self-supporting panels form a shielded enclosure. The use of prefabricated, shielded and self-supporting panels to construct an enclosure reduces the time and cost of constructing such an enclosure.

Electromagnetically shielded and self-supporting panels form a shielded enclosure. The use of prefabricated, shielded and self-supporting panels to construct an enclosure reduces the time and cost of constructing such an enclosure.

Modular wall panels having a frame of a plurality of frame components and at least one wall sheet affixed to the frame. The frame components may have angled ends, straight ends, or a combination thereof to collectively form a frame which may include corners. Each frame component includes an outer surface with at least one aperture configured to receive and retain an insert therein. The apertures are also configured to permit a cable(s) to pass therethrough for running cables and such through the interior of the wall panel. Connectors and spacers may be inserted into the apertures as inserts and bridge between adjacent panels to selectively connect the panels. Caps may be placed in empty apertures to cover the openings for aesthetic purposes. A wall system includes a plurality of such wall panels connected to one another along the outer surfaces of the frame components of their respective frames.

Modular wall panels having a frame of a plurality of frame components and at least one wall sheet affixed to the frame. The frame components may have angled ends, straight ends, or a combination thereof to collectively form a frame which may include corners. Each frame component includes an outer surface with at least one aperture configured to receive and retain an insert therein. The apertures are also configured to permit a cable(s) to pass therethrough for running cables and such through the interior of the wall panel. Connectors and spacers may be inserted into the apertures as inserts and bridge between adjacent panels to selectively connect the panels. Caps may be placed in empty apertures to cover the openings for aesthetic purposes. A wall system includes a plurality of such wall panels connected to one another along the outer surfaces of the frame components of their respective frames.

A stiff wall panel assembly includes a wall panel including a single, continuous, and unitary layer including a central portion having a plurality of central portion ribs spaced therealong, a first wall track engaged with the central portion and having a plurality of first ribs spaced therealong, and a second wall track engaged with the central portion and having a plurality of second ribs spaced therealong. Studs are engaged with the central portion, the first wall track, and the second wall track. Such studs have a plurality of third ribs each engaged with the central portion ribs, the first ribs, and the second ribs. The first ribs and the second ribs each are linearly interlocked as well as linearly and slidably interfitted within the third ribs of the studs. The first ribs and the second ribs each are parallel to the third ribs of the studs.