A protected membrane roof system for installation on a roof decking comprising an upper insulation board having an upwardly-facing upper board top surface and an opposite downwardly-facing upper board bottom surface and at least one through-hole communicating therebetween, a ballast material positioned over the upper insulation board, a netting positioned over the ballast material, and at least one fastener assembly having a base seated substantially adjacent the upper board bottom surface, a rod extending substantially vertically from the base of sufficient size so as to extend through the through-hole of the upper insulation board, the ballast material, and the netting, and a cap engaged with the rod above the netting, whereby the wind uplift resistance of the protected membrane roof system is improved and scour of the ballast material is reduced by effectively anchoring the netting to the upper insulation board beneath the ballast material.

A roof integrated photovoltaic system includes a starter bar having a foot base and configured to be installed to a roof deck, a plurality of water shedding layers, and a photovoltaic module. One of the plurality of water shedding layers is configured to be installed over the foot base of the starter bar, and one of another of which is configured to overlap and be installed over the one of the plurality of water shedding layers. The system further includes a foot module configured to be attached to an upper portion of the photovoltaic module. A lower portion of the photovoltaic module is configured to align with the foot base of the starter bar, and the foot module is configured to be affixed on a last overlapping layer of the plurality of water shedding layers to the roof deck.

A modular composite panel comprised of a solar photovoltaic panel, a solar thermal collector panel, and an engineered torsion box containing a layer of insulation. Multiple composite panels can form a roof when installed in an array, with panels abutting and situated side-by-side on a structural frame or other suitable support system. A composite panel may span between structural members without requiring intermediate support. A composite panel array can provide weather protection, electricity, and hot water to an enclosed or unenclosed space below. Together with insulated walls, the array of composite panels can provide thermal insulation to an enclosed space below.

Roof panels to be installed on a roof, and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a roof panel includes a structural layer, a protective layer disposed over the structural layer, and a plurality of shingles disposed over the protective layer and arranged in rows. The protective layer can protect the structural layer and/or the roof from elements. Each of the shingles can include top, middle, and bottom portions. Individual shingles in adjacent rows can at least partially overlap such that the bottom portions of shingles in a second row at least partially cover the top portions and the middle portions of shingles in a first row immediately below the second row. The roof panel can be prefabricated off-site, transported, and installed on the roof on-site.