A shell system for a building, facilitating internal bottom-up flow of air inside the shell system, the shell system includes a plurality of modular thermal panels, and connecting means for interconnecting the plurality of modular thermal panels or a portion thereof Each of the modular thermal panel includes an enclosed frame having two side faces, a top face and a bottom face, wherein two openings are formed in the frame's faces: a sealingly enclosed internal face and a sealingly enclosed external fac wherein an inner gap, filled with air, is formed between the internal face and the external face. At least one frame-opening is formed in each of the faces of the frame, allowing air to flow between adjacent modular thermal panels, that are sealingly interconnected, while allowing the inner air flow.

A panel comprising a heat providing layer is presented. The panel includes panel coupling means arranged for coupling the panel to adjacent panels. End panel grooves, at least partly extending between first and second opposite longitudinal sides of the panel, are arranged in the end panel coupling means of the panel. In order to provide heat, electrical end connectors are arranged in the end panel grooves of the panel. The electrical end connectors are arranged for being electrically connected to the heat providing layer of the panel, at least partly including an electrically conductive material, and at least partly protruding from the one or more end panel grooves, thereby providing an electrical connection between the heat providing layer of the panel and a corresponding heat providing layer of at least one adjacent panel coupled to the panel.

The disclosure relates to a covering system for a floor, a wall and/or a ceiling. The covering system includes a decorated side, a lower side opposite the decorated side and a plurality of interconnected covering elements. At least one conducting element is arranged between at least two of the covering elements in such a way that the at least one conducting element is at least partially visible on the decorated side. The at least one conducting element is configured to conduct a physical quantity, material or signals. The at least one conducting element includes an interface to a source or a consumer of the physical quantity, material or signals.

A panel comprising a heat providing layer is presented. The panel includes panel coupling means arranged for coupling the panel to adjacent panels. In order to provide heat, longitudinal grooves are arranged in the panel along the whole length of the panel. Electrical end connectors are arranged in the longitudinal grooves to protrude from at least one end side of the panel. The electrical end connectors are arranged for being electrically connected to the heat providing layer, and for being electrically connectable to at least one corresponding end connector of at least one adjacent panel, and for being at least partly resilient, thereby providing a connecting force F.sub.con being essentially perpendicular to the at least one of the first and the second end sides when the panel is coupled to at least one adjacent panel, and being directed towards at least one corresponding end connector of the at least one adjacent panel.

A facade panel conditioning system for installation on a new or existing building is disclosed. The system includes modular panels, a structural anchor, hydronic piping, and ductwork. The panels attach to each other around the exterior of the building forming an insulated shell. The anchor attaches the panels to the building structure forming an air cavity between each individual panel and the exterior. The hydronic piping transfers heat to the air cavity and individual units of the building. The ductwork delivers ventilated air and exhaust air to the air cavity and individual units. The hydronic piping of a panel connects to the hydronic piping of an adjacent panel forming a hydronic piping system that distributes heat or cool throughout the shell. The air duct of a panel connects to the air duct of an adjacent panel forming an air duct ventilation system that distributes air throughout the shell.

Some deck or patio areas constructed of pavers mounted on adjustable pedestal supports must remain snow and ice free on their top surfaces. The pedestal-mounted paver heating system is designed to allow easy installation of electric heating cable that is positioned against the bottom surface of pavers so that heat generated by the cable is efficiently transferred up into the pavers to raise their temperature enough to prevent the accumulation of snow and ice on their top surfaces.

A facade panel conditioning system for installation on a new or existing building is disclosed. The system includes modular panels, a structural anchor, hydronic piping, and ductwork. The panels attach to each other around the exterior of the building forming an insulated shell. The anchor attaches the panels to the building structure forming an air cavity between each individual panel and the exterior. The hydronic piping transfers heat to the air cavity and individual units of the building. The ductwork delivers ventilated air and exhaust air to the air cavity and individual units. The hydronic piping of a panel connects to the hydronic piping of an adjacent panel forming a hydronic piping system that distributes heat or cool throughout the shell. The air duct of a panel connects to the air duct of an adjacent panel forming an air duct ventilation system that distributes air throughout the shell.

A floor panel having a heating element disposed therein, the floor panel having at least two abutments for operationally coupling the panel to adjacent panels. Electrical contacts are disposed on complementary abutments or abutment walls and busbars electrically couple between complementary contacts of opposing abutments such that, when adjacent floor panels are laid together to form a floor or a portion thereof, the busbars are able to feed power to heating elements disposed in the panel. The panel have sealants and/or adhesives which protect at least one contact from fluids. Also disclosed are connector bars, adapters, and switching and protection arrangements, and optional constructions for inter-panel connectors.

An underlayment system is provided that includes a plurality of bosses that emanate form a common base member. The bosses and bases preferably include an opening therethrough that will allow for subsequent layers of adhesive to interact and bond to each other. The bosses are also spaced in such a way to help secure a wire snugly therebetween.

A shell system for a building, facilitating internal bottom-up flow of air inside the shell system, the shell system includes a plurality of modular thermal panels, and connecting means for interconnecting the plurality of modular thermal panels or a portion thereof Each of the modular thermal panel includes an enclosed frame having two side faces, a top face and a bottom face, wherein two openings are formed in the frame's faces: a sealingly enclosed internal face and a sealingly enclosed external fac wherein an inner gap, filled with air, is formed between the internal face and the external face. At least one frame-opening is formed in each of the faces of the frame, allowing air to flow between adjacent modular thermal panels, that are sealingly interconnected, while allowing the inner air flow.