An n-shape connected split column for underground structure comprises a prefabricated reinforced concrete column, n-shape connector, exterior packaged steel sheet, reserved connecting reinforcement and reserved high strength bolt. The subject of the prefabricated reinforced concrete column is an ordinary reinforced concrete column; the reserved connecting reinforcement is reserved on the top and bottom of the prefabricated reinforced concrete column; a high strength bolt is reserved on adjacent side faces. The n-shape connector connects with prefabricated reinforced concrete column through reserved high strength bolt; they are installed in underground structure through reserved connecting reinforcement. The exterior packaged steel sheet is pasted on the exterior of the prefabricated reinforced concrete column, and coadjacent prefabricated reinforced concrete column and connection gap between them is overall packaged to ensure the performance of split column under normal service condition. The present disclosure has clear concept and principle; it is easy to be manufactured, repaired, and installed in a key position of underground structure to decrease the damage of earthquake for an underground structure.

A member-to-member planar connection bracket that includes multiple repeated fuse element configurations that each provide a pre-determined inelastic load-carrying capacity and a reliable inelastic deformation capacity upon development of one or more inelastic hinge locations within the fuse elements. The fuse configurations are interconnected in series such that the total deformation accommodated between first end of the bracket and second end of the bracket is the sum of deformations accommodated by the individual fuse configurations. Multiple brackets are configured in laminar configurations and interconnected to create a connection assembly that provides increased strength or increased deformation capacity as compared to an individual bracket. The connection assembly is used to connect a first structural member and second structural member. The pre-determined maximum inelastic load-carrying capacity of the assembly is less than the elastic load-carrying capacity of the first structural member and the second structural member.

A member-to-member planar connection bracket that includes multiple repeated fuse element configurations that each provide a pre-determined inelastic load-carrying capacity and a reliable inelastic deformation capacity upon development of one or more inelastic hinge locations within the fuse elements. The fuse configurations are interconnected in series such that the total deformation accommodated between first end of the bracket and second end of the bracket is the sum of deformations accommodated by the individual fuse configurations. Multiple brackets are configured in laminar configurations and interconnected to create a connection assembly that provides increased strength or increased deformation capacity as compared to an individual bracket. The connection assembly is used to connect a first structural member and second structural member. The pre-determined maximum inelastic load-carrying capacity of the assembly is less than the elastic load-carrying capacity of the first structural member and the second structural member.

A member-to-member planar connection bracket that includes multiple repeated fuse element configurations that each provide a pre-determined inelastic load-carrying capacity and a reliable inelastic deformation capacity upon development of one or more inelastic hinge locations within the fuse elements. The fuse configurations are interconnected in series such that the total deformation accommodated between first end of the bracket and second end of the bracket is the sum of deformations accommodated by the individual fuse configurations. Multiple brackets are configured in laminar configurations and interconnected to create a connection assembly that provides increased strength or increased deformation capacity as compared to an individual bracket. The connection assembly is used to connect a first structural member and second structural member. The pre-determined maximum inelastic load-carrying capacity of the assembly is less than the elastic load-carrying capacity of the first structural member and the second structural member.

An anti-seismic reinforcement structure using a panel zone reinforcing fixture, according to the present invention, comprises: panel zone reinforcing fixtures which are coupled, to reinforce an existing frame consisting of a column and a beam as existing members, to one side of the frame and which are respectively fixed to sides of the column and the beam at a panel zone where the existing column and the existing beam are joined to each other; a reinforcing column which is installed at one side of the column and has opposite ends thereof fixed to the panel zone reinforcing fixtures; and a reinforcing beam which is installed at one side of the beam and has opposite ends thereof fixed to the panel zone reinforcing fixtures.

A structural yielding link, particularly for use in an eccentrically braced frame arrangement or in a linked column frame arrangement having a first end having a means for connecting to a face of a first beam and a second end having a means for connecting to a face of a second beam; a first variable cross-section portion and a second variable cross-section portion extending from the first end and from the second end, respectively; and a constant cross-section portion joining the first variable cross-section portion and the second variable cross-section portion.

A member-to-member planar connection bracket that includes multiple repeated fuse element configurations that each provide a pre-determined inelastic load-carrying capacity and a reliable inelastic deformation capacity upon development of one or more inelastic hinge locations within the fuse elements. The fuse configurations are interconnected in series such that the total deformation accommodated between first end of the bracket and second end of the bracket is the sum of deformations accommodated by the individual fuse configurations. Multiple brackets are configured in laminar configurations and interconnected to create a connection assembly that provides increased strength or increased deformation capacity as compared to an individual bracket. The connection assembly is used to connect a first structural member and second structural member. The pre-determined maximum inelastic load-carrying capacity of the assembly is less than the elastic load-carrying capacity of the first structural member and the second structural member.

A buckling resistant spring clad bar (BRSCB) assembly is described. The BRSCB assembly includes a plurality of bars arranged to form a perimeter, each of the plurality of bars having a top end and a bottom end. A plurality of springs are provided, wherein at least one of the plurality of springs is wrapped around each of the plurality of bars. A diameter of the at least one of the plurality of spring is greater than a diameter of the each of the plurality of bars. The at least one of the plurality of springs is wrapped around each of the plurality of bars in close contact to provide buckling resistance against a load applied over each of the plurality of bars.

Generally discussed herein are systems, apparatuses, and methods that can provide a coverage enhancement to a coverage limited device. According to an example a method can include determining a received signal strength of a reference signal transmitted from a base station, determining a coverage enhancement based on the determined signal strength, or transmitting a signature sequence of a plurality of signature sequences a first repeated number of times corresponding to the determined coverage enhancement.

The joining device (100, 100) comprises a first cover (1) and a second cover (2), each of which has a plurality of through holes (3) that match up with one another in position, for the ends of the rebars of the columns (200, 200A) to pass through. The covers (1,2) are joined together by means of, at least, two transverse webs (4) and several stiffener reinforcements (5,5A), which are arranged in perpendicular to the covers (1,2). The device further comprises connecting means (202, 203, 204, 205) between the ends of the rebars (201,201A) of the columns (200,200A).