Treatment systems, devices, articles, and associated methods of operation for treating open wounds are disclosed herein. In one embodiment, a method includes applying a first material and a second material to be in contact with a surface of the open wound having a water content at the surface and applying a voltage differential to the first and second materials, thereby producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at the surface via an electrochemical reaction between oxygen (O2) in air and water (H2O) in the water content at the surface. The voltage differential is calibrated to correspond to a concentration of the produced hydrogen peroxide in the water content effective in reducing or preventing a bacterial infection at the surface of the open wound.

Disclosed are a material with supercapacitance modified surface and a preparation method and application thereof. Specifically, the present disclosure introduces a material having a controllably supercapacitive surface. The surface is chargeable, the full-charged modified surface can interact with bacteria disturbing the electron transfer of respiratory chain of bacteria and inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria in a short-term. The antibacterial rate can be improved by cyclically charging-discharging without losing capacitance, and prevent formation of biofilm of bacteria. The antibacterial system can quantitatively control the antibacterial process without affecting the biocompatibility of the material, and has the advantages of environmental protection and controllability.

Disclosed are a material with supercapacitance modified surface and a preparation method and application thereof. Specifically, the present disclosure introduces a material having a controllably supercapacitive surface. The surface is chargeable, the full-charged modified surface can interact with bacteria disturbing the electron transfer of respiratory chain of bacteria and inhibiting the growth and reproduction of bacteria in a short-term. The antibacterial rate can be improved by cyclically charging-discharging without losing capacitance, and prevent formation of biofilm of bacteria. The antibacterial system can quantitatively control the antibacterial process without affecting the biocompatibility of the material, and has the advantages of environmental protection and controllability.

Devices, methods and techniques are disclosed to perform high confidence sterilization of indoor air with low power requirements. In one example aspect, a sterilization device includes a power source, an energy storage coupled to the power source and configured to store electric charges, a set of electrodes arranged in a specified geometry to have a fixed characteristic impedance, and a switch positioned between the energy storage and the set of electrodes. The switch is configured to operate to establish a pulsed electric field on the set of electrodes.

A mask with a sterilization function is provided. The mask comprises two straps, a mask body, a functional layer, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a power inlet. The functional layer, the first electrode and the second electrode located in the mask body. The first electrode and the second electrode are located on a surface of the functional layer and are electrically connected to the power inlet. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to input a current to the functional layer to heat the functional layer. The functional layer includes a carbon fiber layer.

A mask with sterilization function is provided. The mask comprises two straps, a mask body, a functional layer, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a power inlet. The functional layer, the first electrode and the second electrode located in the mask body. The first electrode and the second electrode are located on a surface of the functional layer and are electrically connected to the power inlet. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to input a current to the functional layer to heat the functional layer. The functional layer includes a plurality of micropores.

A mask with sterilization function is provided. The mask comprises two straps, a mask body, a functional layer, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a power inlet. The functional layer, the first electrode and the second electrode located in the mask body. The first electrode and the second electrode are located on a surface of the functional layer and are electrically connected to the power inlet. The first electrode and the second electrode are configured to input a current to the functional layer to heat the functional layer. The functional layer includes a plurality of micropores.

Systems and methods using EMR and other directed energies emitted at surfaces, objects and body parts, to kill, neutralize, eliminate, remove or otherwise treat or influence objects, species, dirt, weeds, worms, pests, bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, other pathogens and other organic and inorganic matter from target surfaces are disclosed. One embodiment includes selecting an at least one first set of parameters of directed energy, wherein the at least one first set of parameters may include one or more of a wavelength, frequency, amplitude, duration, acceleration, deceleration, pulsation, and pulsation period; emitting the directed energy based on the selected at least one first set of parameters at a target surface; measuring in real-time the temperature of the target surface; and pausing the emitting of directed energy once a trigger occurs. This process may be repeated with different sets of parameters and directed energies and carried out in series or simultaneously.

Systems and methods using EMR and other directed energies emitted at surfaces, objects and body parts, to kill, neutralize, eliminate, remove or otherwise treat or influence objects, species, dirt, weeds, worms, pests, bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, other pathogens and other organic and inorganic matter from target surfaces are disclosed. One embodiment includes selecting an at least one first set of parameters of directed energy, wherein the at least one first set of parameters may include one or more of a wavelength, frequency, amplitude, duration, acceleration, deceleration, pulsation, and pulsation period; emitting the directed energy based on the selected at least one first set of parameters at a target surface; measuring in real-time the temperature of the target surface; and pausing the emitting of directed energy once a trigger occurs. This process may be repeated with different sets of parameters and directed energies and carried out in series or simultaneously.

Methods and systems for sanitization of liquid solutions and food products are provided. In some embodiments, methods are provided for treating a food product or food product preparation or packaging surface to reduce microbial content, comprising contacting the food product or food product preparation or packaging surface with a chlorinated nanobubble solution comprising electrolyzed water. In some embodiments, methods are provided for reducing the growth of bacteria and reversing the growth of biofilm in a water system, comprising chlorinating source water and passing the chlorinated source water through a low zeta potential crystal generator. In some embodiments, methods are provided for purifying water, comprising chlorinating the water and passing the chlorinated water through a low zeta potential crystal generator.