Various embodiments of the present invention relate to, among other things, systems for generating engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) comprising reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methods for inactivating at least one of viruses, bacteria, bacterial spores, and fungi in or on a wound of a subject in need thereof or on produce by applying EWNS to the wound or to the produce.

Various embodiments of the present invention relate to, among other things, systems for generating engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) comprising reactive oxygen species (ROS) and methods for inactivating at least one of viruses, bacteria, bacterial spores, and fungi in or on a wound of a subject in need thereof or on produce by applying EWNS to the wound or to the produce.

A bipolar ionizer comprising an electronic circuit, microprocessor, and step-up transformer providing high-voltage signals to carbon-fiber electrodes producing bipolar ion concentrations greater than +/−200 million ions per cubic centimeter. The bipolar ionizer monitors, reduces, and converts high-voltage signals to feedback signals used by the microprocessor to vary a frequency and a duty cycle of a digital signal to control an excitation signal for a step-up transformer output voltage to consistently maintain an unbalanced high-voltage output ratio less than 80 percent, balanced bipolar ion concentration ratio greater than 80 percent, and zero ozone concentration over a range of electrical signal inputs. The microprocessor calculates and reports bipolar ionizer concentrations based on feedback signals. The microprocessor monitors concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in an airflow serving the bipolar ionizer and adjusts the positive/negative DC high-voltage signals and bipolar ion concentration when VOC concentrations are above a threshold.

A bipolar ionizer comprising an electronic circuit, microprocessor, and step-up transformer providing high-voltage signals to carbon-fiber electrodes producing bipolar ion concentrations greater than +/−200 million ions per cubic centimeter. The bipolar ionizer monitors, reduces, and converts high-voltage signals to feedback signals used by the microprocessor to vary a frequency and a duty cycle of a digital signal to control an excitation signal for a step-up transformer output voltage to consistently maintain an unbalanced high-voltage output ratio less than 80 percent, balanced bipolar ion concentration ratio greater than 80 percent, and zero ozone concentration over a range of electrical signal inputs. The microprocessor calculates and reports bipolar ionizer concentrations based on feedback signals. The microprocessor monitors concentrations of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in an airflow serving the bipolar ionizer and adjusts the positive/negative DC high-voltage signals and bipolar ion concentration when VOC concentrations are above a threshold.

The field of this invention is technology that supports and enhances natural face-to-face communication. Throughout the recent Pandemic, people have been adversely affected by the loss of real face-to-face human contact. The invention provides one or more safe ‘meeting spaces’ through which persons can talk to each other normally, without the risk of airborne pathogens passing between them. The meeting space of the invention offers no physical barrier such as glass, which would reduce the quality of communication and diminish the user experience. Persons may see and hear each other through the meeting space but pathogens cannot substantially pass through it. Various ways are provided that substantially destroy/inactivate/remove pathogens from the meeting space(s). Some embodiments are sustainable, carbon neutral and solar powered. Others are highly energy efficient. Further refinements create a pleasant environment for conversation and enhance the user experience.

Apparatus, methods and instructions for disinfecting air. The apparatus may include, and the methods may involve, a fixture. The fixture may include a germicidal light source. The fixture may include a fan. The fan may circulate air through a volume into which the germicidal light source propagates germicidal light. The light source may be configured to emit, upward from a horizontal plane, a beam that, absent reflection off an environmental object, does not cross the horizontal plane. The apparatus may include a shield that prevents light from the light source from crossing the horizontal plane. The sensor may face upward from the horizontal plane. The sensor may face downward from the horizontal plane.

Apparatus, methods and instructions for disinfecting air. The apparatus may include, and the methods may involve, a fixture. The fixture may include a germicidal light source. The fixture may include a fan. The fan may circulate air through a volume into which the germicidal light source propagates germicidal light. The light source may be configured to emit, upward from a horizontal plane, a beam that, absent reflection off an environmental object, does not cross the horizontal plane. The apparatus may include a shield that prevents light from the light source from crossing the horizontal plane. The sensor may face upward from the horizontal plane. The sensor may face downward from the horizontal plane.

An air purifier capable of removing hazardous substances and viruses from air. The air purifier further includes: a body having an air inlet formed on a lower end thereof, an air outlet formed on an upper end thereof, and a flow path formed therein to move air upward; a pre-filter disposed in the flow path of the body; a box-shaped cell type discharge device disposed in the flow path of the body to generate active species; a dust collection device in the flow path of the body and having a discharge part with a linear discharge electrode and a dust collection part for collecting the dust charged through the discharge part; an ozone removal device in the flow path of the body to remove ozone generated from the discharge device and/or the dust collection device; and an air fan disposed in the flow path of the body.

An electrostatic filter unit for an air cleaning device includes an ionization unit configured to ionize particles in air and to deplete odor, and a separation unit arranged downstream of the ionization unit in a direction of flow of air and configured to separate particles.

An electrostatic filter unit for an air cleaning device includes an ionization unit configured to ionize particles in air and to deplete odor, and a separation unit arranged downstream of the ionization unit in a direction of flow of air and configured to separate particles.