A door closer (10) includes an exterior housing (11), a spring assembly (12), a ratchet assembly (13), and a clutch assembly (14). The housing has a central tube (17), drive collar (23), a top end cap (52), and a bottom end cap (65). The drive collar includes an indexing pin channel (41) and indexing pin (42) which includes a pawl (45) having a contact surface (47) and a curved bearing surface (48). The spring assembly includes a shaft (73), a spring stop (80), and a helical torsion spring (106) positioned upon the shaft. The ratchet assembly resides within drive collar and includes ratchet wheel (111) having an annular array of ratchet teeth (112) configured to mesh with the pawl of the indexing pin. Each tooth has an undercut contact surface (113) and a curved bearing surface (114). The clutch assembly includes a bottom disc (120) and a top disc (121).

An overhead door having a floating spring adjustment is presented. Tension is applied to a torsion spring while the door is in the open, minimal tension state. One end of the torsion spring is fixed to a spring tension trolley. The trolley translates within a trolley guide mounted to the building structure. The other end of the torsion spring is fixed to a shaft running through the torsion spring. This allows the torsion spring to change in length as the number of coils shrink and grow through door operation thereby eliminating the snake-like or serpentine appearance from an improper fixed torsion spring length.

An apparatus combining a door hinge and a door closer is provided. In one embodiment, the hinge provides a variable hydraulic damping speed control with spring action closing, as well as an optional stop action. In one embodiment, the hinge of the present invention includes an adjustable compression spring to operate the opening and closing of the door. After the door has closed to approximately 20 degrees or so, the hydraulic component of the door may then control the speed of the door preferably from approximately 20 degrees until closed. The hydraulic component can also be adjusted to vary the speed and force of the door opening and closing. A pair of magnets may be present in the control cylinder of the hinge to provide more force to complete the closing function. Additionally, a stop function allows for the door to remain open and in place in one embodiment.

A spiral balance device for sash windows has a pipe inside of which extends a spiral rod having a screw section. A lower end of the spiral rod extends through a slot in a coupling rotatably disposed inside the lower end of the pipe and projects from the lower end of the pipe. A torsion spring has an upper end fixed near the upper end of the pipe and a lower end fixed to the coupling. A fixing member is fixed within the upper end of the pipe, and an adjustment member rotatably disposed below the fixing member engages with the upper end of the spiral rod. A ratchet mechanism disposed between the fixing member and adjustment member allows rotation of the adjustment member in a direction of winding the torsion spring and prevents rotation of the adjustment member in a direction of unwinding the torsion spring.

An apparatus for adjusting the force in a door operator or closer comprises an elongated housing and a spring therein connected to the door operator or closer. A spring collar is non-rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the housing and adapted to move linearly within the housing. A fixed adjusting screw extends along a longitudinal axis of the housing and the spring collar is slidable linearly along an outer surface of the adjusting screw. A nut is threadably engaged at a distal end of the adjusting screw and is rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the screw, the nut bearing on the spring collar during rotation. The spring collar bears on a distal end of the spring to vary the spring compression and thereby vary force applied by the door operator or closer. The housing has an opening in a sidewall through which the spring is visible, and the housing exterior surface includes markings indicating the degree of spring compression. An indicator is moveable along and visible from the exterior of the housing to indicate the compression of the spring.

To provide an opening and closing device for opening and closing body having a rotation torque controlling module and a torque peak adjusting module, solution was sought by an opened and closed body and the opening and closing body which comprises an attaching part, an opening and closing part rotatably attached to the attaching part via a hinge shaft, a rotation torque controlling module for controlling a rotation torque of the opening and closing part, a torque peak adjusting module for adjusting a torque peak of the opening and closing part at the time of its opening and closing movement.

An adjustable damped snap-acting hinge, comprising a first articulated quadrilateral which comprises a coupling element which can be associated with a fixed element, a first portion of a first lever and a third lever which are associated in an articulated manner with the coupling element, and a first portion of a second lever, which is interposed between the preceding levers and is articulated thereto, and a second articulated quadrilateral which comprises a fixing element which can be associated with an element that can move with respect to the fixed element, a second portion of the second lever and a fourth lever which are associated in an articulated manner with the fixing element, and a second portion of the first lever which is interposed between the preceding levers and is articulated thereto. The hinge is further provided with first elastic compression means.

An automotive door hinge comprises first and second brackets mountable selectively to one of the door and the body. A cam element. non-rotationally mounted to the second bracket. comprises a cam surface adapted to engage with a cam follower non-rotationally housed within a first housing of the first bracket. An energy storage means respectively stores and releases energy when the cam follower longitudinally translates within the first housing in a first direction and then in a second direction opposite the first direction. Relative rotation of the first bracket in relation to the second bracket within a predetermined angular range causes longitudinal translation of the cam follower, wherein as the door is closed. the cam follower engages the cam surface and translates longitudinally in the second direction whereby the energy stored by the energy storage means is released to assist door closure.

A hinge structure is adapted to connect two objects for the two objects rotating with respect to each other. The hinge structure includes a first member, a second member, a third member, and an elastic assembly. The first and the third members are respectively assembled to the two objects. The second member pivoted to the first member rotates about an axis relative to the first member. The third member pivoted to the second member rotates about the axis relative to the second member. In a first state, the second member is accommodated in a recess of the first member. In a second state, the second member moves with the third member and at least a portion of the second member is moved out of the recess. The elastic assembly connected between the first and the third members constantly moves the second member into the recess to maintain the first state.

A top-loadable cargo trailer has one or more top doors mounted to a container using hinge assemblies which are located entirely within a perimeter of the container when the top door is closed. In this way, no part of the full width, length, or height of the container is taken up by overhanding hinges, and in jurisdictions limiting container width, length, and height no amount of container volume is sacrificed due to hinge overhang. The hinge assemblies have a compound, or dual hinge biased by a resistance mechanism such as a coil spring to provide an orderly opening and closing sequence of the top door. When fully open, the top door hangs vertically flush against the container wall, thus minimize hazard to works and equipment moving about the container.