Configurable ovoid units, earth-boring tools including configurable ovoid units, and related methods are disclosed. An earth-boring tool may include a body including at least one blade. The earth-boring tool may further include a cutting element secured to the at least one blade and including at least one sensor configured to sense at least one condition of the cutting element. Moreover, the earth-boring tool may include at least one configurable ovoid unit disposed at least partially within the at least one blade and comprising an adjustable ovoid head. Additionally, the earth-boring tool may include a control module disposed within the earth-boring drilling tool. The control module may be configured to receive sensor data from the at least one sensor, and to convey at least one signal to the at least one ovoid unit for configuring the at least one ovoid unit in response to the sensor data.

A retractable auger boring cutter head. The cutter head has fixed cutters and at least one pivoting cutter. The pivoting cutter is biased to a position that extends beyond a diameter of a casing being installed. When pulled back through the casing, a surface of the pivoting cutter contacts the casing, reducing the effective diameter of the cutter head and allowing it to be removed.

A retractable auger boring cutter head. The cutter head has fixed cutters and at least one pivoting cutter. The pivoting cutter is biased to a position that extends beyond a diameter of a casing being installed. When pulled back through the casing, a surface of the pivoting cutter contacts the casing, reducing the effective diameter of the cutter head and allowing it to be removed.

A disclosed embodiment for a drill bit arm for a rotary subterranean drill bit includes a pocket that extends radially inward from an outer surface of the drill bit arm. The pocket may include a void where work piece material has been removed. The pocket may be next to a leading edge of the drill bit arm and may extend to remove at least a portion of a trailing edge of the drill bit arm. When the drill bit arm includes a lifting surface, the pocket may be next to and follow an upward curvature of the lifting sur face. The pocket may reduce wear and tear on the drill bit arm during operation. The pocket may provide a location for placing a desired piece of equipment, such as an instrumentation element and/or a communication element.

A disclosed embodiment for a drill bit arm for a rotary subterranean drill bit includes a pocket that extends radially inward from an outer surface of the drill bit arm. The pocket may include a void where work piece material has been removed. The pocket may be next to a leading edge of the drill bit arm and may extend to remove at least a portion of a trailing edge of the drill bit arm. When the drill bit arm includes a lifting surface, the pocket may be next to and follow an upward curvature of the lifting sur face. The pocket may reduce wear and tear on the drill bit arm during operation. The pocket may provide a location for placing a desired piece of equipment, such as an instrumentation element and/or a communication element.

A split roller cone and polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) composite drill bit, including a PDC bit module, a split roller cone bit module, and a drill bit body module. The split roller cone bit module has split structure, and during the operation, the lower roller cone body and the upper roller cone body revolve with the drill bit, and rotate around the axle neck of the palm respectively, thereby achieving the task of scraping and breaking rocks. The tooth scraping efficiencies of the small-end ring gear and the middle ring gear are improved. The split roller cone bit module, the PDC bit module, and the drill bit body module can be mass-produced. The split roller cone bit module and the PDC bit module can be quickly assembled and disassembled with the drill bit body module and different sizes of PDC bit modules are assembled with the bit body module

Anti-rotation pad assemblies are provided for restraining rotation of a non-rotating housing in geologic drilling system. The anti-rotation pad assemblies include extensible members, which extend from an internal cavity in the anti-rotation pad assemblies and are capable of engaging a wellbore wall. The extensible members may include rollers that are biased radially outwardly to engage the wellbore wall such that the anti-rotation pad assemblies may move axially within the wellbore while restraining the non-rotating housing in a particular rotational orientation. Flow ports are defined in the anti-rotation pad assemblies to encourage mud flow through the internal cavity, and thereby discourage the accumulation and solidification of drilling fluids around the extensible members. The extensible members thus remain free to move under the bias of a biasing mechanism within the internal cavity and can thus effectively maintain the rotational orientation of the non-rotating housing in the wellbore.

A retractable drill head, including a shaft including a first end and a second end, a first plate connected to the first end, the first plate including at least one cutout, a first port, and a first paddle arranged adjacent to the first port, a second plate slidably arranged on the shaft, the second plate including at least one hinge, a second port, and a second paddle arranged adjacent to the second port, and at least one cutter hingedly connected to the second plate.

A retractable drill head, including a shaft including a first end and a second end, a first plate connected to the first end, the first plate including at least one cutout, a first port, and a first paddle arranged adjacent to the first port, a second plate slidably arranged on the shaft, the second plate including at least one hinge, a second port, and a second paddle arranged adjacent to the second port, and at least one cutter hingedly connected to the second plate.

There is a cutter assembly for a roller reamer for downhole drilling. The cutter assembly has a first end block and a cutting element having a plurality of cutting projections. The cutting element is rotatably mounted to the first end block. The cutter assembly further has (a) a primary locking assembly having a primary bore in the first end block for screwing in a primary screw to attach the cutter assembly to a reamer body and (b) a secondary locking assembly. The secondary locking assembly has a secondary bore in the first end block having a threaded section and a secondary bolt screwed into the threaded section. The secondary bolt has a head and a threaded portion. The secondary bolt is for unscrewing out such that the head is received in a locking bore of the reamer body to attach the cutter assembly to the reamer body.