A first stream of an aqueous solution flows through an upstream desalination or nanofiltration system. A second stream of the aqueous solution is mixed with the diluate output from the upstream desalination system or with the diluate or concentrate output from the upstream nanofiltration system with a flow ratio of the second stream of the aqueous solution to the feed stream of <0.47 or >0.63. A liquid composition flows into the concentrate channels of an electrically driven separation apparatus, while the feed stream flows into at least the diluate channels at a ratio of 0.3 to 0.81 to the flow of the liquid composition. An applied voltage selectively draws monovalent ions from the feed stream in the diluate channels through the monovalent-selective ion exchange membranes into the concentrate channels to produce a treated diluate having a sodium chloride ratio (SCR)<0.7.

A first stream of an aqueous solution flows through an upstream desalination or nanofiltration system. A second stream of the aqueous solution is mixed with the diluate output from the upstream desalination system or with the diluate or concentrate output from the upstream nanofiltration system with a flow ratio of the second stream of the aqueous solution to the feed stream of <0.47 or >0.63. A liquid composition flows into the concentrate channels of an electrically driven separation apparatus, while the feed stream flows into at least the diluate channels at a ratio of 0.3 to 0.81 to the flow of the liquid composition. An applied voltage selectively draws monovalent ions from the feed stream in the diluate channels through the monovalent-selective ion exchange membranes into the concentrate channels to produce a treated diluate having a sodium chloride ratio (SCR)<0.7.

In an embodiment, a hydrocarbon recovery material includes an organic acid and a water material, the organic acid including a naphthenic acid, L-proline, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, an oil recovery method includes injecting a treatment fluid into a reservoir under reservoir conditions, the reservoir containing hydrocarbons, and the treatment fluid includes an organic acid and a water material. In another embodiment, an oil recovery method includes injecting a treatment fluid into a reservoir containing hydrocarbons, the treatment fluid comprising an organic acid in one or more of an oil-in-water emulsion, a resin dispersion, or a polymer capsule.

In an embodiment, a hydrocarbon recovery material includes an organic acid and a water material, the organic acid including a naphthenic acid, L-proline, or combinations thereof. In another embodiment, an oil recovery method includes injecting a treatment fluid into a reservoir under reservoir conditions, the reservoir containing hydrocarbons, and the treatment fluid includes an organic acid and a water material. In another embodiment, an oil recovery method includes injecting a treatment fluid into a reservoir containing hydrocarbons, the treatment fluid comprising an organic acid in one or more of an oil-in-water emulsion, a resin dispersion, or a polymer capsule.

An offshore water production facility to be located on a body of water includes a floating object, at least one wind turbine, a power generator that is coupled to the wind turbine and a water production system. The floating object includes a plurality of buoyancy assemblies that support at least one column on which a wind turbine is mounted. On the at least one column further a process equipment deck is mounted below an operating area of the wind turbine and above a water surface level. The water production system is arranged on the process equipment deck, and the water production system is configured for subsea well water-injection and includes an ultra-filtration unit and a membrane de-aeration unit for water to be injected.

An offshore water production facility to be located on a body of water includes a floating object, at least one wind turbine, a power generator that is coupled to the wind turbine and a water production system. The floating object includes a plurality of buoyancy assemblies that support at least one column on which a wind turbine is mounted. On the at least one column further a process equipment deck is mounted below an operating area of the wind turbine and above a water surface level. The water production system is arranged on the process equipment deck, and the water production system is configured for subsea well water-injection and includes an ultra-filtration unit and a membrane de-aeration unit for water to be injected.

A method for retrieving heavy oil from a reservoir by injection of solvent, hot water, and polymer solution. This method includes the steps of providing an injection well traversing into reservoir containing heavy oil. Sequential injections of solvent, a hot water and polymer solution are performed via the injection well traversing into reservoir containing the heavy oil. The solvent, hot water, and polymer solution intermingle with the heavy oil within the reservoir to form a heavy oil mixture that is retrieved from a production well. The sequential solvent and hot water injection may also be repeated to reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil until an estimated viscosity of the heavy oil in the reservoir is below a threshold viscosity before injecting polymer solution into the reservoir.

A method for retrieving heavy oil from a reservoir by injection of solvent, hot water, and polymer solution. This method includes the steps of providing an injection well traversing into reservoir containing heavy oil. Sequential injections of solvent, a hot water and polymer solution are performed via the injection well traversing into reservoir containing the heavy oil. The solvent, hot water, and polymer solution intermingle with the heavy oil within the reservoir to form a heavy oil mixture that is retrieved from a production well. The sequential solvent and hot water injection may also be repeated to reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil until an estimated viscosity of the heavy oil in the reservoir is below a threshold viscosity before injecting polymer solution into the reservoir.

A means to generate increasing geological permeability to produce greater volumes of various subsurface geological resources when compared to the current conventional production methods is disclosed. The means include a Pulsed Power Plasma Emitter System capable of substantially increasing the available electrical energy for use in high power compression surge currents that can be discharged and transmitted to power a simplified downhole Plasma Emitter Tool subsystem. The simplified downhole Plasma Emitter Tool sub-system is capable of generating a broad range of precisely controlled magnetohydrodynamic plasma spark discharges that produce a broad range of high power electromagnetic, acoustic and hydrodynamic surge waves. These powerful surge waves are generated at energy and power levels that are necessary to physically modify all types of geological formation permeability and to energize the mobilization of various subsurface fluids and fluidized resources.

A means to generate increasing geological permeability to produce greater volumes of various subsurface geological resources when compared to the current conventional production methods is disclosed. The means include a Pulsed Power Plasma Emitter System capable of substantially increasing the available electrical energy for use in high power compression surge currents that can be discharged and transmitted to power a simplified downhole Plasma Emitter Tool subsystem. The simplified downhole Plasma Emitter Tool sub-system is capable of generating a broad range of precisely controlled magnetohydrodynamic plasma spark discharges that produce a broad range of high power electromagnetic, acoustic and hydrodynamic surge waves. These powerful surge waves are generated at energy and power levels that are necessary to physically modify all types of geological formation permeability and to energize the mobilization of various subsurface fluids and fluidized resources.