The present invention provides a pavement deicing or snow-melting system, comprising a water-permeable pavement, a drainage device and a heating device, wherein the water-permeable pavement comprises, successively from the top down, a water-permeable asphalt concrete coating, a porous cement stabilized macadam layer, a reflecting layer, a waterproof layer, a semi-rigid base and a semi-rigid cushion; the drainage device comprises a drainage ditch and a sheet cover; a water inlet is formed on the drainage ditch; a lower edge of the drainage ditch is not lower than the waterproof layer; curbs are arranged on edges of the water-permeable asphalt concrete coating and the porous cement stabilized macadam layer; and, the heating device is arranged between the water-permeable asphalt concrete coating and the porous cement stabilized macadam layer.

A snow melting assembly for a driveway includes a controller that comprises a microprocessor and a receiver. The receiver is operationally coupled to the microprocessor. A cable is coupled to and extends from the controller. A first mat is coupled to the cable distal from the controller. The first mat comprises rubber so that the first mat is resiliently compressible and rollable. A first heating element is embedded in the first mat. The first heating element is operationally coupled to the cable. A power cord is coupled to and extends from the controller. The power cord is configured to couple the controller to a source of electrical current. Programming code is positioned on an electronic device that enables a user to wirelessly communicate with the microprocessor, via the receiver, to signal the microprocessor to actuate the first heating element to melt the snow that is positioned on the first mat.

A temperature controlled structure assembly comprises an array of structural panels each including at least one channel formed therein. At least one channel of each of the structural panels is aligned with at least one of the channels of an adjacent one of the structural panels to form a continuous channel extending through the array of the structural panels. At least one functional panel overlays the array of structural panels and is exposed for contact with a user. At least one heat exchanging element is disposed within the continuous channel and configured to exchange heat with the at least one functional panel in order to heat or cool the at least one functional panel.

A subsurface energy storage system includes roadway housings arranged to define a surface to carry vehicles. Each roadway housing has an energy storage assembly having a housing defining cavities, and energy storage units respectively carried within the cavities and being electrically coupled together. Each roadway housing also includes a layer adjacent to the energy storage assembly and to provide the surface to carry vehicles. The subsurface energy storage system also includes an energy storage management controller coupled to the energy storage units in the roadway housings.

A road display board system device capable of snow melting control includes a detection sensor configured to detect rain and/or snow, a humidity sensor configured to measure a humidity of air, a first temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the air, a second temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of a road surface, a dew point temperature calculator configured to calculate a dew point temperature of the air by matching the humidity of the air and the temperature of the air with a dew point calculation table, a danger time point estimator configured to estimate an icing caution time point and an icing time point, a display configured to display a driving caution guide from the icing caution time point, and a heat supply controller configured to supply heat to the road surface from the icing time point.

The grounded modular heated cover is disclosed with a first pliable outer layer and a second pliable outer layer, wherein the outer layers provide durable protection, an electrical heating element between the first and the second outer layers, the electrical heating element configured to convert electrical energy to heat energy, a heat spreading layer, and a thermal insulation layer positioned above the active electrical heating element. Beneficially, such a device provides radiant heat, weather isolation, temperature insulation, and solar heat absorption efficiently and cost effectively. The modular heated cover quickly and efficiently removes ice, snow, and frost from surfaces, and penetrates soil and other material to thaw the material to a suitable depth. A plurality of modular heated covers can be connected on a single 120 Volt circuit protected by a 20 Amp breaker. The modular heated covers are grounded for safety using the conductive heat spreading layer.

The present invention relates to tactile warning panels, and in particular to tactile warning panels that are designed and built with multifunction/multipurpose capabilities that serve the visually impaired and enable the deployment of smart city technology by integrating tactile warning systems and subsurface enclosures that can withstand pressures of five (5) tons up to and exceeding sixty (60) tons and incorporate small cells, beacons, sensors, Fog Computing, electric energy generation, rechargeable power supplies, wireless M2M communication and a plethora of other smart city technologies.

A system and method of heating cable routing for anti-icing cassettes is provided. An anti-icing cassette includes a panel, a plurality of channel segments arranged on an underside of the panel, and a heating cable routed through the plurality of channel segments and arranged in a concentric manner, including an outer loop and at least one concentric inner loop inside the outer loop.

Embodiments of transparent ceramic particles are described. A particle includes an outer shell having an outer surface and an inner surface forming a hollow core; and a response unit housed inside the hollow core. The outer shell comprises aluminum oxynitride.

A modular system for streets formed of a top module, a bottom module, an internal cavity formed within the bottom module, cables positioned within said bottom module, a computing device, sensors operatively associated with said computing device, and communications hardware configured to communicate information from said sensors to a second computing device positioned exterior to said modular system.