A post assembly 10, 10.0, 10.00, 10.000, 10.0000, 110, 210, 310 for a parking lot barrier system 11, the post 12 of the post assembly 10,10.0, 10.00, 10.000, 10.0000, 110, 210, 310 being of any appropriate section and having at least one aperture 30, 32 at or near to the base 12.1 of the post 12. The at least one aperture 30, 32 is sized and shaped so as to allow the post 12 to deform elastically under collision loads at low speeds sign posted in parking lots

Surrogates for roadside objects, such as concrete dividers, can be used for vehicle testing. A surrogate for a concrete divider can have substantially the same size and/or shape as the concrete divider that the surrogate is mimicking. The surrogate can be configured to exhibit substantially the same characteristics as their actual counterpart concrete divider when sensed by one or more vehicle sensors (e.g., cameras, radar sensors, and/or LIDAR sensors). Such surrogates can be used to test autonomous vehicles, one or more vehicle sensors, a vehicle sensor system, and/or one or more vehicle system (e.g., a road departure mitigation system). The surrogates can be configured to withstand being crashed into by a test vehicle without being damaged and without damaging the test vehicle.

A crash barrier system includes upper posts, box beams, upper tube profiles and barrier rails. The box beams are connected to the upper posts on a front side of the crash barrier system. The upper tube profiles are connected to the box beams. The barrier rails are fastened to the upper tube profiles. The upper posts are arranged axially parallel to one another at a uniform axial post spacing along the box beams. The upper tube profiles are arranged axially parallel to one another at a uniform axial tube spacing along the box beams. The post spacing differs from the tube spacing.

A post assembly (10,10.0, 10.00, 10.000, 10.0000, 110, 210, 310) for a parking lot barrier system (11), the post (12) of the post assembly (10,10.0, 10.00, 10.000, 10.0000, 110, 210, 310) being of any appropriate section and having at least one aperture (30, 32) at or near to the base (12.1) of the post (12). The at least one aperture (30, 32) is sized and shaped so as to allow the post (12) to deform elastically under collision loads at low speeds sign posted in parking lots.

Surrogates for roadside objects, such as metal guardrails, can be used for vehicle testing. A surrogate for a metal guardrail can have substantially the same size and/or shape as the metal guardrail that the surrogate is mimicking. The surrogate can be configured to exhibit substantially the same characteristics as their actual counterpart metal guardrail when sensed by one or more vehicle sensors (e.g., cameras, radar sensors, and/or LIDAR sensors). Such surrogates can be used to test autonomous vehicles, one or more vehicle sensors, a vehicle sensor system, and/or one or more vehicle system (e.g., a road departure mitigation system). The surrogates can be configured to withstand being crashed into by a test vehicle without being damaged and without damaging the test vehicle.

Surrogates for roadside objects, such as concrete dividers, can be used for vehicle testing. A surrogate for a concrete divider can have substantially the same size and/or shape as the concrete divider that the surrogate is mimicking. The surrogate can be configured to exhibit substantially the same characteristics as their actual counterpart concrete divider when sensed by one or more vehicle sensors (e.g., cameras, radar sensors, and/or LIDAR sensors). Such surrogates can be used to test autonomous vehicles, one or more vehicle sensors, a vehicle sensor system, and/or one or more vehicle system (e.g., a road departure mitigation system). The surrogates can be configured to withstand being crashed into by a test vehicle without being damaged and without damaging the test vehicle.

A bollard panel having adjacent bollards and a gap between the adjacent bollards, a brace having a panel connector, a first longitudinal section, and a second longitudinal section, and the brace supporting the bollard panel in a vertical position relative to a ground with the brace disposed in the gap with the first longitudinal section located on a first side of the bollard panel, the second longitudinal section located on a second side of the bollard panel, and the panel connector attached to the bollard panel.

A barrier system is provided including a plurality of barrier members arranged in an end to end manner to form an elongate barrier structure. A first end barrier member is located at a first end of the elongate barrier structure and a second end barrier member is located at a second end of the elongate barrier structure. Each of the first and second end barrier members have base anchor means provided or associated with at least an outermost end thereof to anchor a base of the first and second end barrier members to a surface on which the barrier system is to be located in use. A pair of barrier members consisting of two adjacent barrier members, which are not the first and second end barrier members but which are adjacent to each of the same, are provided with channel means located on, at or adjacent at a top thereof.

A one-piece metal plate foundation suitable for guardrails and other structures includes a longitudinally extending main plate body; a rear flange extending at an angle from at least a longitudinal portion of the main plate body in a first direction at a rear edge of the main plate body; a front flange extending at an angle from a longitudinal portion of the main plate body in a direction opposite the first direction at a front edge of the main plate body; an integral offset spacing plate coupled to a front edge of the main plate body above the front flange and extending laterally forward of the front flange; and a mounting flange extending at an angle from at least a longitudinal portion of the offset spacing plate at a front edge of the offset spacing plate, wherein the mounting flange is configured for mounting of a guardrail.

A post safety device for a rigid structure with vertical rigid support posts, the safety device having a flexible, resilient insert attached below ground level between the lower end of the vertical posts, and the upper end of a rigid anchor attached below each insert, and a safety device for a rigid structure with vertical rigid wall elements, the safety device having a flexible, resilient strip attached below ground level between the base of each rigid wall element and a rigid anchor attached below each strip.