A method and apparatus incorporating erosion preventing mats or blankets having oyster spat are placed to prevent or reduce erosion. The method and apparatus incorporates seeding with oyster spat and/or oyster larvae onto a blanket having rough surfaces and comprising calcium. After seeding and setting natural growth of the oyster larvae can create a barrier that helps prevent erosion by breaking the kinetic energy of waves.

In an exemplary embodiment, a flexible mat forming system includes a rotating drum having a plurality of mold cavities about an outer periphery thereof; a hopper positioned adjacent the drum, the hopper shaped to receive a hardenable paste and deposit the hardenable paste into successive mold cavities of the plurality of mold cavities facing the hopper, as the drum rotates relative to the hopper; wherein the hopper includes an opening shaped and positioned to align with the mold cavities facing the hopper; and a sheet of mesh material that is fed between the hopper and the mold cavities facing the hopper.

A flexible mat forming system may include an elongate, rotatable drum having a plurality of transverse rows of mold cavities about an outer periphery thereof, an elongate hopper positioned adjacent the drum, the hopper shaped to receive a hardenable paste and deposit the hardenable paste along a facing row of the plurality of transverse rows of mold cavities, a spool assembly for feeding a sheet of mesh material between the hopper and the facing row, and a retaining plate extending partially about the outer periphery of the drum and positioned on a downstream side of the elongate hopper, the retaining plate spaced sufficiently close to the outer periphery to retain the mesh material against the outer periphery of the drum and the hardenable paste within the mold cavities adjacent the retaining plate.

A method and a device for laying down and sealingly anchoring a waterproofing liner of a synthetic material, on a surface of a hydraulic work. The liner is fastened by a plurality of tensioning and anchoring assemblies, each including a lower and upper metal section bars configured with a raised part having side flat surfaces for sealingly clamping the liner, wherein the lower section bar has more anchoring holes at a plurality of axially spaced apart anchoring zones; the surface of the hydraulic work is previously marked by reference marks underlining the presence of possible obstacles such as reinforcement rods near the anchoring holes of the anchoring zones of the lower section bar; therefore the lower section bar is positioned by aligning the anchoring holes to the reference marks, anchoring the section bar to the hydraulic work by anchoring devices) at least one hole of the anchoring zones wherein there is no obstacle to the insertion of the anchoring devices in the hydraulic work. The waterproofing liner is laid down on the surface of the hydraulic work, and is sealingly anchored it between the lower section bars and the upper section bars of the tensioning assemblies.

Disclosed are novel remedial capping methods comprising: (a) providing an organic adsorption ingredient and an organic polymer delivery ingredient; (b) providing a non-organic silica carrier ingredient; (c) blending the organic adsorption ingredient, the organic polymer delivery ingredient, and the non-organic silica carrier ingredient to form a capping composition layer mixture; (d) delivering the capping composition layer mixture to a delivery means; and (e) distributing the capping composition layer mixture throughout a distribution pool and forming a capping composition layer in an area in need of remediation.

Disclosed are novel cap layer compositions comprising: (a) an organic adsorption ingredient; (b)a non-organic silica carrier ingredient; and (c) an organic polymer delivery ingredient, wherein the cap layer composition is made by blending ingredients (a) through (c) in an integrated blending and delivery apparatus, the cap layer composition for use in an area in need of remediation.

Disclosed is a novel blending and delivery apparatus comprising: (a) a housing; (b) a first input port configured to receive an organic adsorption ingredient; (c) a second input port configured to receive an organic polymer delivery ingredient; (d) an intake chute configured to receive a non-organic silica carrier ingredient; (e) an auger driveshaft; (f) an auger coupled to the auger driveshaft; (g) a motor coupled to the auger driveshaft; and (h) a discharge opening; wherein the motor rotates the auger to blend the organic adsorption ingredient, the organic polymer delivery ingredient, and the non-organic silica carrier ingredient to form a capping composition layer mixture output via the discharge opening, where the capping composition layer mixture used to make a capping composition layer.

Disclosed are novel solutions in which a preexisting sediment capping system is integrated with improvements such as a cap ingredient processing and delivery apparatus, cap processing method and novel compositional cap product, whereby a hazardous site is remediated by delivering at least one novel cap composition layer over the contaminated subaqueous waterway or terrestrial substrate floor. One embodiment includes a powdered activated carbon (PAC) based cap layer produced by the system and methodology disclosed, the cap layer ingredients comprising predetermined ratio amounts of dry PAC and dry powdered 2-Hydroxypropyl guar gum (HGG) used as a safe and effective delivery ingredient, blended in a cap processing and delivering apparatus with a dewatered sand semi-slurry, the processed resulting capping composition being delivered in a manner such that a novel PAC cap layer is provided to a cap placement area in need of remediation.

An erosion-preventing laminate mat may include a first layer of slivers of a natural material, a second layer of slivers of a synthetic material, and, in embodiments, a third layer of an open mesh. A system for utilizing the erosion-preventing laminate may include a movable frame having an upper surface shaped to pass beneath a substantially flat sheet of tied block mat, the frame including a spindle below the upper surface for supporting a roll of the first mat, the first mat including the first layer of slivers of a natural material, the second layer of slivers of a synthetic material, and the third layer of an open mesh. In embodiments, a system for forming the mat includes a movable frame shaped to pass beneath a substantially flat sheet of the tied block mat, and including a spindle below the upper surface for supporting a roll of the first mat.

Disclosed is a novel blending and delivery apparatus comprising: (a) a housing; (b) a first input port configured to receive an organic adsorption ingredient; (c) a second input port configured to receive an organic polymer delivery ingredient; (d) an intake chute configured to receive a non-organic silica carrier ingredient; (e) an auger driveshaft; (f) an auger coupled to the auger driveshaft; (g) a motor coupled to the auger driveshaft; and (h) a discharge opening; wherein the motor rotates the auger to blend the organic adsorption ingredient, the organic polymer delivery ingredient, and the non-organic silica carrier ingredient to form a capping composition layer mixture output via the discharge opening, where the capping composition layer mixture used to make a capping composition layer.