Disclosed is a crest element in an armor layer assembly of a breakwater. The crest element includes: a central part; two wings extending from the central part in opposing directions along, when placed on a breakwater, the length direction of the breakwater; and a nose extending from the central part in a forward direction transverse to the length direction of the breakwater. The backside of the central part is a vertically oriented, back face facing in a backward direction opposite to the forward direction. The crest element may in particular be used as crest element for armor layers including armor elements of the type having a central part from which: two wings extend in opposing directions, and a tail and nose extend in opposing directions transverse to the direction of extension of the wings. Also disclosed is an armor layer, a breakwater and methods using the crest elements.

Disclosed is a concrete cover element for a breakwater or jetty construction. The cover element includes a plate portion and two noses. The plate portion lies in the xy-plane and has a thickness. The two noses project in opposite directions from the plate portion and form a single part with the plate portion. The plate portion is to be imagined as being formed from a quadrangular plate whose two opposite plate edges are incised in the middle to form a plate recess, and whose corners located on the first plate diagonal are both cut off along a first secant. The plate portion has a first dimension measured along the first plate diagonal and a second dimension measured along the second plate diagonal. The first dimension is smaller than the second dimension.

A modular-type multi-form block molding system that allows the design engineer to easily produce breakwater construction blocks enjoying the many benefits associated with (i) various void zones (e.g. flow through channels), (ii) diverse shape factors, and (iii) proper placement of the construction blocks. Breakwater construction blocks can be produced to have various depths and heights, with different degrees of batter for sloped installations, for the fast erection of failed stone structures during severe storms or hurricanes.

A river training structure includes a longitudinal groyne placed in the river. The groyne extends in flow direction of the river with water of the river along both longitudinal sides of the groyne. The river training structure includes blocks, each block being constituted by a central part and four or more legs extending from the central part such that the central part and legs define a three-dimensional configuration allowing a multiple of said blocks to inter-engage with each other three-dimensionally when stacked onto each other. The groyne is constructed from a multiple said blocks irregularly stacked onto each other and engaging with each other to form a dam body of inter-engaging blocks, the dam body having a longitudinal slope at the navigation channel side of the dam body.

A breakwater construction block design produced with various degrees of stability by reducing the height of the rear leg portions of the blocks, to increase the batter, which automatically provides an increase in the stability of the works. The breakwater construction block provides a significantly higher stability factor against over-turning, or pullout, when compared against the cylinder and upright rectangular blocks now in conventional use. The construction block system of the present invention can eliminate pole failures caused by severe hurricane winds and heavy rain.

A transportable breakwater construction block factory contained within an ISO-shipping container and transportable along shorelines where marine construction sites extend. The transportable breakwater construction block factory comprising a plurality of multi-form block molding subsystems, having base mold portions mechanically coupled to the factory floor, and side molding portions being mechanically coupled, so that all or multiple groups of side mold portions (for the construction blocks and the matching shear key blocks) can be simultaneously lifted (e.g. by a hydraulic crane on site) to remove the side mold portions from the casted concrete blocks.

The present invention relates to a new method for stabilising marine clays such as sediments, marine sediments, or dredging muds by using mussel shell powder and cement, their use and a respective product. A properly treated milled shell powder is mixed with a cement in order to obtain a solid composition of powders, which is subsequently mixed with the marine clay to obtain a product that can be used in the building industry.

A damping element (6) comprises, adjoining one another in the longitudinal direction (7), a head part (3), neck part (4) and foot part (5) of concrete. The cross section of the neck part transversely to the longitudinal direction (7) is smaller than the cross section of the head part transversely to the longitudinal direction and is smaller than the cross section of the foot part transversely to the longitudinal direction, such that a system of channels (8) is formed. The foot part (5) has, over at least a portion of the periphery (18) thereof, a recess (15) directed transversely to the longitudinal direction. Together with the grit particles (16) accommodated therein, these grooves (15) provide a stabilizing effect.

Armor units for rubble mound structures including breakwaters, revetments, groins, jetties, and the like. Embodiments are appropriate for ocean, river, lake and reservoir structure armoring, to prevent erosion from damaging hydrodynamic forces resulting from waves and water currents, and the like. An embodiment includes a central rectangular section, three half H-shaped appendages, optionally, one end frusta, and a flat bottom with two extrusions, nominally smaller than other appendages and frusta. An embodiment is symmetric about two perpendicularly intersecting vertical planes extending through the centroid of the unit. The three half H-shaped members are connected to outer parts of a side defined as the top and the two longitudinal sides of the central section. The three half H-shaped members comprise four-sided frusta that taper from a base at the central rectangular section to four-sided distal ends. For select embodiments, the frusta are generally symmetric.

Improved breakwater construction blocks and interlocking shear key blocks for use in constructing diverse systems and works, in broad fields of use including, but not limited to, coastal engineering: river, stream and torrent control, bulkhead designed projects, scour control, check dams, permeable and impermeable groins-both river and ocean structures and other hydraulic works including marinas.