A device for improving an interior air quality in a vehicle includes a photoreactor and a control device. The photoreactor is connectable, by a photoreactor line section, between a fresh air intake and an air distribution system of a ventilation system and/or air conditioning system of the vehicle. The photoreactor line section has a controllable valve in each of the two end regions, i.e., at the respective points at which it is connectable on the one hand to the fresh air intake and on the other hand to the air distribution system. The photoreactor has UV-C LEDs that emit UV-C radiation. The control device controls the air passing through the photoreactor using the controllable valves arranged in the photoreactor line section in such a way that the air passing through is exposed to a predetermined UV-C radiation dose.

A system (10) for removing airborne pathogens can include a housing (1, 4, and 6) having at least one or more chambers, a bipolar ionizer (9A), at least one particle filter (8), and an ultra violet light radiation source (5A) residing in at least one or more chambers. Furthermore, the embodiments can include the use of a ventilation system which can include a fan (3) that draws in surrounding air at an intake (7A) and directs the surrounding air towards the at least one particle filter, the bipolar ionizer, and the ultra violet light radiation source before the ventilation system expels the surrounding air drawn through the intake through an exhaust vent (7B).

A scent delivery system includes scent delivery units that are configured to deliver scent at a variable scent level by being turned on and off successively according to a variable duty cycle. The scent delivery system also includes a central controller configured to control the scent delivery units by generating command data based on a scenting schedule that indicates a desired activation time for more than one scent delivery unit. The scenting schedule is configured to further indicate a scent level bias to be applied to base scent settings that are associated with different scent delivery units. The central controller is configured to generate the command data, based upon a variation in the scent level bias, that takes into account a corresponding variation to duty cycles associated with different scent delivery units and to communicate the command data to the different scent delivery units.

A method is disclosed in which a gas of hydrogen and nitrogen, or hydrogen and ammonia, or hydrogen, nitrogen, and ammonia, is introduced to a fluidized bed. The gas flows through the fluidized bed, and titanium dioxide particles are introduced to the fluidized bed to form a fluid mixture of the particles and gas in the fluidized bed. The particles are reacted with the gas in the fluid mixture to form particles including titanium dioxide and nitrogen. The particles can be disposed along an air flow path in operative communication with a light source for air treatment.

An air purification and disinfection system includes an apparatus having a housing, an ultraviolet disinfection chamber, an air mover, and an air distribution unit in communication with the disinfection chamber. Air is passed through the disinfection chamber where it is purified and disinfected before it is delivered to the user of the apparatus through the air distribution unit. The apparatus can be configured as an open or a closed circuit system. The system may be configured to purify air in an airplane, a conference room, a classroom, or as a portable unit for an individual user. As a portable unit the disinfection chamber can be incorporated into a back pack, a vest, a purse, a briefcase, a shoulder bag, a cervical collar, or any other format for being carried by the user.

An improved technology for inactivation of viruses, for example the SARS-CoV-2 virus that is causing the Covid-19 pandemic, is described. The technology can include a device that includes a substrate coated in a polymer that is infused with a pathogen inactivating material. In various embodiments, at a given time, a portion of the pathogen inactivating material is exposed to the environment, and the device is configured to periodically or intermittently expose additional pathogen inactivating material to the environment. For example, the polymer can be ablative or sacrificial.

The present invention discloses improved ultraviolet air sterilizers. In accordance with this invention the mean reflected light path of each photon is maximized while turbulence is suppressed in order to uniformly UVC expose all conveyed pathogen particles. This invention discloses novel means of maximizing the utilization of blower power and UVC lamp power toward the destruction of pathogens. The resulting efficiencies facilitate the construction of high flow rate air sterilization systems for large buildings while also facilitating the miniaturization of UVC air sterilization systems for incorporation into personal protective equipment (PPE).

An HVAC system including a sterilization unit is provided, wherein in one embodiment the sterilization unit is located within the HVAC system. The sterilization unit includes a housing configured to envelop an outer side surface of the sterilization unit, an irradiation unit located on one side surface of the housing, and reflection units located in the housing so as to face the irradiation unit.

An apparatus and method of decreasing airborne pathogens is provided. The apparatus is an array of UV radiating elements. The array uses two or more different types of UV radiators and is adaptable for positioning within an HVAC system for treating circulating air. The apparatus is also adaptable for use in other environments and may be mounted on a mobile motorized base for transportation within a structure in accordance with a predetermined, variable route. The method involves positioning the apparatus in an environment to be treated and testing radiation pattern and intensity, which can be adjusted for optimal treatment of the ambient air.

An air treatment system may create an air flow pattern in a vehicle interior space, using air discharges in multiple directions and louvers such that some vanes within a louver are not parallel to other vanes within the louver. An air treatment system may provide bulk air flow to the vehicle interior and directed airflow to a driver region. An air flow system may comprise, internally, a constriction bounded by an edge of a UV light shield and an edge of a filter housing. Such air treatment systems, using filtration and UV light, effectively remove or kill viruses and other pathogens, for use in buses and similar vehicles.