A building information modeling (BIM)-based modular housing built with thin-wall channel steel can include columns and transverse beams adopt inward-flanging C-section steel or combined square steel arranged by oppositely buckling symmetric inward-flanging C-section steel. The columns and transverse beams are connected to each other together by base connectors, butting connectors, or crossed connectors. The joint is provided with webs, and can be used as a standard connector due to high strength, thereby realizing an internal-external nesting effect. A positioning groove arranged outside the joint and the inward-flanging C-section steel can be nested together in a concavo-convex manner, and then pressed and fastened by a fastening steel strip, thereby realizing effects of fastening and slippage prevention.

A building information modeling (BIM)-based modular housing built with thin-wall channel steel can include columns and transverse beams adopt inward-flanging C-section steel or combined square steel arranged by oppositely buckling symmetric inward-flanging C-section steel. The columns and transverse beams are connected to each other together by base connectors, butting connectors, or crossed connectors. The joint is provided with webs, and can be used as a standard connector due to high strength, thereby realizing an internal-external nesting effect. A positioning groove arranged outside the joint and the inward-flanging C-section steel can be nested together in a concavo-convex manner, and then pressed and fastened by a fastening steel strip, thereby realizing effects of fastening and slippage prevention.

A metal truss assembly comprises a plurality of C-shape structural members including at least one chord member and two or more adjacent web members, each structural member having a base and two opposing flanges. The at least one C-shape chord member has flanges extending from each side of the base with one flange having cutouts to receive two C-shape web members with a part of said flange of said chord member in place between said cutouts. Each said C-shape web member is placed into one of the cutouts in said flange to intersect the at least one chord member with the bases of the two C-shape web members adjacent the base of the at least one chord member.

A metal truss assembly comprises a plurality of C-shape structural members including at least one chord member and two or more adjacent web members, each structural member having a base and two opposing flanges. The at least one C-shape chord member has flanges extending from each side of the base with one flange having cutouts to receive two C-shape web members with a part of said flange of said chord member in place between said cutouts. Each said C-shape web member is placed into one of the cutouts in said flange to intersect the at least one chord member with the bases of the two C-shape web members adjacent the base of the at least one chord member.

A metal truss assembly comprises a plurality of C-shape structural members including at least one chord member and two or more adjacent web members, each structural member having a base and two opposing flanges. The at least one C-shape chord member has flanges extending from each side of the base with one flange having cutouts to receive two C-shape web members with a part of said flange of said chord member in place between said cutouts. Each said C-shape web member is placed into one of the cutouts in said flange to intersect the at least one chord member with the bases of the two C-shape web members adjacent the base of the at least one chord member.

A metal truss assembly comprises a plurality of C-shape structural members including at least one chord member and two or more adjacent web members, each structural member having a base and two opposing flanges. The at least one C-shape chord member has flanges extending from each side of the base with one flange having cutouts to receive two C-shape web members with a part of said flange of said chord member in place between said cutouts. Each said C-shape web member is placed into one of the cutouts in said flange to intersect the at least one chord member with the bases of the two C-shape web members adjacent the base of the at least one chord member.

Three dimensional structural frames and enclosures and related methods are disclosed herein. In an example embodiment, an enclosure includes a plurality of three dimensional structural frames and opposing wall portions interconnected by the plurality of three dimensional structural frames, where the wall portions include a plurality of uniform wall sections, where the wall sections include a wall panel portion, a top wall portion, and sidewall portions, where the sidewall portions of the plurality of wall sections are joined to form the wall portions, and where the plurality of three dimensional structural frames are attached to the top wall portions of the wall sections.

Three dimensional structural frames and enclosures and related methods are disclosed herein. In an example embodiment, an enclosure includes a plurality of three dimensional structural frames and opposing wall portions interconnected by the plurality of three dimensional structural frames, where the wall portions include a plurality of uniform wall sections, where the wall sections include a wall panel portion, a top wall portion, and sidewall portions, where the sidewall portions of the plurality of wall sections are joined to form the wall portions, and where the plurality of three dimensional structural frames are attached to the top wall portions of the wall sections.

A moment frame is disclosed for a sloped roof construction. The moment frame includes a lateral bracing system having a high initial stiffness and including yield links capable of effectively dissipating energy generated within the lateral bracing system under lateral loads.

A building structure including a first building member and a second building member may be connected by a plurality of fasteners, each fastener having a head, a threaded portion having a through hardness of between HRB 70 and HRC 40, a thread-forming portion of at least HRC 50 hardness enabling the fastener to form threads in at least the second steel building member, and a fluted lead portion of at least HRC 50 hardness with a nominal diameter between 70 and 95% of major diameter, such that the fastener is capable of providing a ratio of strip torque to thread-forming torque of at least 3.0 and a ratio of strip torque to drive torque greater than 6.0 when the second steel building member having a thickness of 0.25 inch and the fluted lead portion having at least one diameter within nominal diameter between 80 and 98% of major diameter.