An elongated girder for use in a bridge includes a girder body having a modified V-shaped cross section. The body includes longitudinally extending webs defining sides of the girder, a bottom flange extending between the webs, and top flanges extending outwardly from the webs.

A join is provided for end-joining elongate timber flanges. The join includes: an elongate planar web having an upper portion running along the longitudinal axis, and a lower portion running along the longitudinal axis; the elongate planar web having, in order running along the longitudinal axis, a first region, a second region and a third region, the second region having a greater width than the first and third regions; and a first elongate timber flange having a slot engaging upper portions of the first and second regions of the planar web; a second elongate timber flange have a slot engaging the upper portions of the second and third regions of the planar web. The lower edge of the planar web extends beyond the edge of the first and second elongate timber flanges so as to provide an engagement point for a further elongate timber flange.

Joists of a structural roofing system typically comprises an upper chord, a lower chord, and web(s), which operatively couple the upper chord to the lower chord. The upper chord and the lower chord may each be formed from two angle members (e.g., otherwise described as L-shaped members). The web may also be formed from a plurality of web members, such as angle members. The joists utilize nailer members on the upper chord to provide a location for assembly with decking panels. The nailer member is attached to the upper chord through the use of nailer plates, which have a plurality of perforated apertures that form teeth. The nailer plate is bent, the teeth are pressed into the nailer member, and plate connections are used to assemble the nailer plates (e.g., manually, automatically, or both) to the upper chord of the joist to form a joist and nailer assembly.

An elongated girder for use in a bridge includes a girder body having a modified V-shaped cross section. The body includes longitudinally extending webs defining sides of the girder, a bottom flange extending between the webs, and top flanges extending outwardly from the webs.

An insulation system and method comprising an insulation layer, an atmospheric regulation layer, a structural support, and an external surface; wherein the atmospheric regulation layer is supported by the structural support, wherein the insulation layer is located between the atmospheric regulation layer and the external surface, wherein the atmospheric regulation layer has a water vapor permeability of not greater than 3 perms at a relative humidity of 25% as measured by ASTM E96 Procedure A Dry Cup, and a water vapor permeability of at least 6 perms at a relative humidity of 75% as measured by ASTM E96 Procedure B Wet Cup, wherein the atmospheric regulation layer has a fire class A rating as measured by ASTM E84, and wherein the continuous atmospheric regulation layer has a ACH50 value of not greater than 10, wherein ACH50 represents an air exchange at 50 Pascals.

A composite I-truss is provided, that comprises a pair of top and bottom flanges and an extending intermediate web having a first end secured to the first flange and a second end secured to the second flange. Each flange comprises one or more longitudinal beams secured to the flange connectors. The web comprises at least a pair of flange connectors extending away from the flange and toward the web. The web comprises a plurality of linking struts located at a plurality of longitudinal positions along a length of the I-truss and connecting the flange connectors of the first flange to the flange connectors of the second flange.

A length-adjustable truss stiffener is intended to be used to strengthen truss systems at locations of localized over-stress to reduce the cost from the alternative solution which is to reduce truss spacings. The stiffener consists of two or more sleeves locking around two or more components of the main truss. The sleeves mounted on different truss components are connected to one another with a length-adjustable shank. The stiffener may be used in two-dimensional or three-dimensional trusses. Of a collection of prefabricated trusses necessary to erect a structure, only a subset of one or more trusses are customized with stiffeners according to loading calculations predicting failure of that subset under required loading conditions, while all other trusses are installed in their original prefabricated state.

An insulation system and method comprising an insulation layer, an atmospheric regulation layer, a structural support, and an external surface; wherein the atmospheric regulation layer is supported by the structural support, wherein the insulation layer is located between the atmospheric regulation layer and the external surface, wherein the atmospheric regulation layer has a water vapor permeability of not greater than 3 perms at a relative humidity of 25% as measured by ASTM E96 Procedure A Dry Cup, and a water vapor permeability of at least 6 perms at a relative humidity of 75% as measured by ASTM E96 Procedure B Wet Cup, wherein the atmospheric regulation layer has a fire class A rating as measured by ASTM E84, and wherein the continuous atmospheric regulation layer has a ACH50 value of not greater than 10, wherein ACH50 represents an air exchange at 50 Pascals.

An extruding process and assembly for creating a structural form, which includes the steps of bundling and conveying at least one length of a material into an extruder, reshaping a cross section of the bundle in a first stage of the extruder, extruding a material using any combination of heat and pressure around and between the lengths of material, and outputting a finished article having a cross sectional profile in which the materials are structurally supported by the extruded and hardened material. Other steps include an intermediate chilling stage between reshaping and extruding, and for preventing the extruded material from back flowing. The extruded material further includes any of a polymeric or structural foam material and can exhibit any of a rounded, square, rectangular or I beam cross sectional profile.

Joists of a structural roofing system typically comprises an upper chord, a lower chord, and web(s), which operatively couple the upper chord to the lower chord. The upper chord and the lower chord may each be formed from two angle members (e.g., otherwise described as L-shaped members). The web may also be formed from a plurality of web members, such as angle members. The joists utilize nailer members on the upper chord to provide a location for assembly with decking panels. The nailer member is attached to the upper chord through the use of nailer plates, which have a plurality of perforated apertures that form teeth. The nailer plate is bent, the teeth are pressed into the nailer member, and plate connections are used to assemble the nailer plates (e.g., manually, automatically, or both) to the upper chord of the joist to form a joist and nailer assembly.