E.sup.3Lumber is comprised by novel apparatuses as engineered wood systems, methods, apparatuses, tools, adhesives, and manufacturing for construction of structures. E.sup.3Lumber has standardization and optimization surpassing state-of-the-art construction. Each of those systems, methods, apparatuses, material compositions, and material stratifications utilize one-to-many apparatus relations. All formed or machined apparatuses feature innovative features like engineered constraints, multi-tier and hybrid composites, and constrained assembly all situated within novel methods like, the Three E, 4-Tier, Cross Datum Construction, E-Stud, E-Framing, E-Truss, E-Hips, E-Bridging, Continuous Truss methods meet national and international specifications. The Three E's of E.sup.3Lumber are environmental, economic, and engineering and are characteristics found throughout invention intended for the significant improvement of environmental conditions, wood products, and technologies. As a fact, E.sup.3Lumber use decreases deforestation by increasing growth periods of trees by decreasing biomass consumption and all the while providing economic incentive to become greener.

An adjustable beam may include an elongate member extending between a first end and a second end, a first connector pivotably coupled to the first end, and a second connector pivotably coupled to the second end. The first and second connectors each are configured to be releasably coupled to neighboring supporting beams and other adjustable beams.

An adjustable beam may include an elongate member extending between a first end and a second end, a first connector pivotably coupled to the first end, and a second connector pivotably coupled to the second end. The first and second connectors each are configured to be releasably coupled to neighboring supporting beams and other adjustable beams.

A structure with integrated insulation. The structure with integrated insulation includes a steel frame, the steel frame including a first vertical support beam and a second vertical support beam. The structure with integrated insulation also includes a building panel with integrated insulation. The building panel with integrated insulation including a first surface, a second surface, where the second surface is opposite the first surface, a first edge, where the first edge is disposed between the first surface and the second surface, and a second edge, where the second edge is disposed between the first surface and the second surface and is opposite the first edge. The building panel with integrated insulation being attached to the first vertical support beam on the first surface of the building panel with integrated insulation and attached to the second vertical support beam on the second surface of the building panel with integrated insulation.

A structure with integrated insulation. The structure with integrated insulation includes a steel frame, the steel frame including a first vertical support beam and a second vertical support beam. The structure with integrated insulation also includes a building panel with integrated insulation. The building panel with integrated insulation including a first surface, a second surface, where the second surface is opposite the first surface, a first edge, where the first edge is disposed between the first surface and the second surface, and a second edge, where the second edge is disposed between the first surface and the second surface and is opposite the first edge. The building panel with integrated insulation being attached to the first vertical support beam on the first surface of the building panel with integrated insulation and attached to the second vertical support beam on the second surface of the building panel with integrated insulation.

A tile system comprises at least two tiles and at least one elongate support. Each tile is generally rectangular in shape and has a first edge, and a second edge, the second edge being generally opposite the first edge. Each elongate support has an attachment portion and a support portion. Proximate the first edge each tile is provided with a groove, the groove being configured to receive the support portion of one of the elongate supports and a portion of an adjacent tile proximate its second edge.

In carrying out a loft conversion some way has to be found of reinforcing the triangular timber roof trusses so that the internal bracing can be removed, to make the space. In the invention this is done by fixing C-sections to the outline of the triangular trusses, preferably sandwiching the timber frame. For the C-sections to overlap at the corners, part of one flange, e.g., the upper flange of the horizontal beam, is removed, and then the beams are bolted onto the frame. The process can be carried out with minimal disruption to the roof as no transverse (longitudinal) reinforcement is needed. A dormer process can also be included, making use of a versatile reinforcement plate.

A structural member comprising a first round flange, a second round flange substantially parallel to the first round flange, an elongate web disposed between the first and second round flange, the web having an upper edge, and a lower edge, wherein the first round flange, the second round flange and the elongate web are secured together to form a structurally integral unit. The structural member may further comprise a third round flange and a fourth round flange substantially parallel to the third round flange, wherein the round flanges and the elongate web are secured together to form a structurally integral unit in which the first face of the web is in contact with the first round flange and the third round flange, and the second face of the web is in contact with the second round flange and the fourth round flange.

A structural member comprising a first round flange, a second round flange substantially parallel to the first round flange, an elongate web disposed between the first and second round flange, the web having an upper edge, and a lower edge, wherein the first round flange, the second round flange and the elongate web are secured together to form a structurally integral unit. The structural member may further comprise a third round flange and a fourth round flange substantially parallel to the third round flange, wherein the round flanges and the elongate web are secured together to form a structurally integral unit in which the first face of the web is in contact with the first round flange and the third round flange, and the second face of the web is in contact with the second round flange and the fourth round flange.

An adjustable beam may include an elongate member extending between a first end and a second end, a first connector pivotably coupled to the first end, and a second connector pivotably coupled to the second end. The first and second connectors each are configured to be releasably coupled to neighboring supporting beams and other adjustable beams.