A door opening and closing device includes a motor which generates drive power for a door in an opening and closing direction of the door, a door position sensor which detects an opening and closing position of the door, and a controller which controls the motor based on the opening and closing position. The motor includes a stator having at least three-phase coils and a rotor. The motor generates the drive power when the rotor rotates with respect to the stator. The controller performs door holding control of generating, as the drive power, a holding force for holding the door at the opening and closing position, in a case where the opening and closing position is within a predetermined range. In the door holding control, the controller energizes at least two phases of the motor such that rotation of the rotor is braked to generate the holding force.

A door assembly for a vehicle includes a door and a check strap pivotally coupled to the door. An engagement member is releasably engageable with the check strap. A spring is positioned to bias the check strap toward the engagement member. When the engagement member is engaged with the check strap, the check strap maintains the door in an open position. When the engagement member is disengaged with the check strap, the door is swung to the closed position under the bias of the spring.

A system for a vehicle is provided. The system includes a door of the vehicle moveable about a pivot axis between an open position and a closed position. The system also includes a power actuator operable in one of a powered and a not powered. The power actuator is configured to move the door to a partially open position between the open position and the closed position in the powered mode and not move the door in the not powered mode. The pivot axis is selected to ensure the door remains at the partially open position whereat the door does not move towards the open position nor the closed position under an effect of gravity in response to the power actuator being in the not powered mode and the vehicle being on a surface being substantially level.

A door closer may utilize a door closing device (e.g., spring) and a force adjustment device (e.g., a motor) in order to allow for manual door opening and assisted door closing. During operation, as a door is manually opened, the spring is loaded (e.g., compressed or tensioned) above its pre-loaded closed position state. Once manual opening is completed, the spring that is loaded during opening begins returning to the pre-loaded closed position state, and thus, moves the door automatically towards the closed position. Depending on the pre-loaded spring setting, the closing force of the door may not be enough to close the door, or to close the door with the preferred force. As such, during closing a controller may engage a motor not to drive the door directly, but to increase the pre-load of spring to increase the closing force in order to allow the door to close as preferred.