A method for performing a coiled-tubing process, the method having the steps of performing a coiled-tubing process using a fluid-lubricant composition that includes: a sulfurized component, and a chlorinated component, wherein the sulfurized component is a sulfurized C8 to C14 olefin, wherein the chlorinated component is a chlorinated fatty ester, a chlorinated paraffin, or a chlorinated olefin; and introducing the fluid-lubricant composition into a subterranean wellbore casing.

A sealed bearing rock bit has a plurality of legs with journals formed to extend inward and downward at the end of the legs. Each of the legs has a last machined surface located adjacent to the bases of the journals and into which a seal groove is formed which circumscribes the respective journal. Cutters are rotatably mounted to respective ones of the journals, with back faces of the cutters located adjacent to respective ones of the last machined surfaces. The back faces of the cutters have annular-shaped protrusions which extend from said back faces and protrude into the seal grooves beyond the last machined surfaces of said journals extending an annular-shaped seal surface which is engaged by a seal disposed in the seal groove, leaving more of the interface space between the journal and the cutter for larger roller bearings.

A sealed bearing rock bit has a plurality of legs with journals formed to extend inward and downward at the end of the legs. Each of the legs has a last machined surface located adjacent to the bases of the journals and into which a seal groove is formed which circumscribes the respective journal. Cutters are rotatably mounted to respective ones of the journals, with back faces of the cutters located adjacent to respective ones of the last machined surfaces. The back faces of the cutters have annular-shaped protrusions which extend from said back faces and protrude into the seal grooves beyond the last machined surfaces of said journals extending an annular-shaped seal surface which is engaged by a seal disposed in the seal groove, leaving more of the interface space between the journal and the cutter for larger roller bearings.

A hole opener for use with a drilling rig, the hole opener having a shaft configured for rotation by the horizontal directional drilling rig, a body coupled to the shaft for rotation with the shaft, a cutter coupled to the body for rotation relative to the body, and a lubrication system at least partially located within the body, the lubrication system operable to supply lubricant to the cutter. The lubrication system includes a duct in the body and a pressure regulator that increases and decreases a volume of the duct in response to the change in pressure of the lubricant to regulate a pressure of lubricant in the duct.

A hole opener for use with a drilling rig, the hole opener having a shaft configured for rotation by the horizontal directional drilling rig, a body coupled to the shaft for rotation with the shaft, a cutter coupled to the body for rotation relative to the body, and a lubrication system at least partially located within the body, the lubrication system operable to supply lubricant to the cutter. The lubrication system includes a duct in the body and a pressure regulator that increases and decreases a volume of the duct in response to the change in pressure of the lubricant to regulate a pressure of lubricant in the duct.

A rotary drill tool for cutting rock includes a set of journal legs that rotatably mount rotating cone shaped cutters via respective bearing assemblies. A fluid supply passageway extends through the journal legs to provide a cooling and cleaning fluid to the bearings during use. A by-pass passageway extends through a base region of the spindle that mounts each cone cutter and is provided in direct fluid communication with the supply passageway to divert the fluid to a base region of the bearing assembly.

A rotary drill tool for cutting rock includes a set of journal legs that rotatably mount rotating cone shaped cutters via respective bearing assemblies. A fluid supply passageway extends through the journal legs to provide a cooling and cleaning fluid to the bearings during use. A by-pass passageway extends through a base region of the spindle that mounts each cone cutter and is provided in direct fluid communication with the supply passageway to divert the fluid to a base region of the bearing assembly.

A disclosed example embodiment includes a drill bit used to form wellbores in subterranean formations. The drill bit includes a drill bit body for coupling to a lower end of a drill string. The drill bit body includes at least one support arm having an inwardly extending journal with a journal bearing having at least one radially reduced pocket extending at least partially circumferentially around the journal bearing including a load side of the journal bearing. At least one rotary cutter assembly is rotatably mounted to the journal. A plurality of cutting elements is disposed on the at least one rotary cutter assembly. At least two independent hardmetal pads are positioned within the at least one radially reduced pocket such that the hardmetal pads have a gap disposed therebetween.

A disclosed example embodiment includes a drill bit used to form wellbores in subterranean formations. The drill bit includes a drill bit body for coupling to a lower end of a drill string. The drill bit body includes at least one support arm having an inwardly extending journal with a journal bearing having at least one radially reduced pocket extending at least partially circumferentially around the journal bearing including a load side of the journal bearing. At least one rotary cutter assembly is rotatably mounted to the journal. A plurality of cutting elements is disposed on the at least one rotary cutter assembly. At least two independent hardmetal pads are positioned within the at least one radially reduced pocket such that the hardmetal pads have a gap disposed therebetween.

A rotary drill tool for cutting rock includes at least one journal leg mounting a spindle and a respective rotary cone cutter. The spindle includes a plurality of fluid distribution passageways arranged to provide a supply of a cooling and cleaning fluid to the bearing assembly. Vent holes are provided through the cutter to allow an exhaust flow of fluid and an annular seal is provided at a base region of the spindle to maintain a positive fluid pressure within the cutter cavity to prevent dust and dirt ingress.