An economical high-strength quick-hardening grouting material includes ordinary Portland cement, a quick-hardening sulphoaluminate gelling agent and water. The ratio of the mass of water to the sum of the mass of the ordinary Portland cement and the mass of quick hardening sulphoaluminate gelling agent is 0.46:1. The ratio of the mass of the quick-hardening sulphoaluminate gelling agent to the mass of the ordinary Portland cement is (0.67-1.5):1. The initial setting time of the grouting reinforcement material is 405 min, and the average compressive strength of a cube solidified for 4 hours is higher than or equal to 10 MPa.

A process is used for the renovation or new construction of corrugated sheet metal tunnels. The corrugated sheets are sandblasted for cleaning and room cleaning. Then anchoring elements are welded to the rough side of the sheets. A layer of shotcrete is applied to this roughened side of the sheets to obtain a smooth coating over the crests and valleys of the sheets. A reinforcement net is placed on this layer and a second layer of shotcrete or mortar is applied to cover the reinforcement net. The top layer can be smoothed. The subsequent corrugated sheet metal tunnel includes corrugated sheets covering the tunnel walls and ceilings with the course direction of their wave crests and valleys parallel to the circumferential direction of the tunnel profile. The corrugated sheets on the inside and/or outside of the tunnel are reinforced with an applied reinforced concrete layer.

The invention relates to a slipform apparatus (12, 14, 16) and method (50) of operating a slipform apparatus for constructing a primary slipform structure (22) from one side thereof. The slipform apparatus comprising a platform (12) having a plurality of work levels (28, 30, 32), and a lift device having at least one cable (14). The platform (12) is suitable for suspending from above by said cable (14) and the lift device is operable to raise or lower the platform (12). The plurality of work levels (28, 30, 32) are provided around a perimeter of the platform (12) and surround a central space (33) through the plurality of work levels (28, 30, 32). The method includes suspending the platform (12) from above using the lift device (14, 16), performing a rebar installation operation comprising raising the platform (12) using the lift device (14, 16) and installing at least one rebar cage (18, 20), using the lift device (14, 16) to lower the platform (12) to abase of the at least one rebar cage (18, 20), and performing a concrete slipform operation of the at least one rebar cage (18, 20) comprising raising the platform using the lift device (14, 16).

A self-supporting reinforcement system for the concrete lining of the inner shell of a tunnel construction. At least one object is that of supporting the outer shell or rock wall of a tunnel construction. According to an embodiment of the invention, this is achieved by tension brackets or tension rings, formed from one or more bracket segments made of individual reinforcing steel bars. M-shaped tensioning support bodies having a connecting region to the tension brackets, and support arms for the supporting bracing, establishing the spacing with respect to an outer shell or rock wall, of the bracket and spacers on the tensioning support bodies and between the outer layer and an inner layer of the reinforcement.

An underground support system having an underground reinforcement system that is at least partially encapsulated with concrete or a cement material. The underground reinforcement system includes a flexible wire mesh having a matrix of longitudinally and transversely extending metal wires. The matrix of longitudinally and transversely extending metal wires has at least one three-dimensional sheet, each sheet having at least one raised corrugation, positioned along the length of an underground space. The raised corrugation acts as a template depth girder for application of concrete or cement material at a defined depth such that the underground reinforcement system is at least partially encapsulated with the concrete or cement material.

A tunnel reinforcement system having a plurality of structural supports positioned at spaced intervals along the length of a tunnel. Each structural support has a plurality of structural segments connected in an end to end relationship. Each structural segment has a plurality of bars connected to a first end and a second end, in which the first end comprises a first butt plate having one or more apertures, and the second end comprises a second butt plate having one or more apertures. The one or more apertures of the first butt plate or the second butt plate of a structural segment are coaxially aligned with the one or more apertures of the first butt plate or the second butt plate of another structural segment in an end to end relationship. The first butt plate or the second butt plate of a structural segment is attachable to the first butt plate or the second butt plate of another structural segment in an end to end relationship. Each structural support defines a geometric supporting framework.

An apparatus for prestressing a concrete floor of an inclined shaft wall includes two end bearing components, a corrugated pipe, a tension bearing rod piece and two anchor heads. The tension bearing rod piece is composed of a left tension bearing rod, a right tension bearing rod, and a loading mechanism. The left tension bearing rod and the right tension bearing rod, are connected integratedly by the loading mechanism, and the tension bearing rod piece passes through the corrugated pipe. The two end bearing components are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the tension bearing rod piece in a sleeving manner. The two anchor heads respectively lock the left and right end bearing components. Before pouring of the floor of the shaft wall, the loading apparatus is pre-buried. After the strength of floor concrete increases to certain extent, a transverse prepressing stress is applied to the floor concrete through the loading mechanism. Finally, an internal space of the loading apparatus is blocked by grouting, so as to integrate the tension bearing component, the loading apparatus and the like with the floor concrete.

An apparatus for prestressing a concrete floor of an inclined shaft wall includes two end bearing components, a corrugated pipe, a tension bearing rod piece and two anchor heads. The tension bearing rod piece is composed of a left tension bearing rod, a right tension bearing rod, and a loading mechanism. The left tension bearing rod and the right tension bearing rod, are connected integratedly by the loading mechanism, and the tension bearing rod piece passes through the corrugated pipe. The two end bearing components are respectively arranged at the left and right ends of the tension bearing rod piece in a sleeving manner. The two anchor heads respectively lock the left and right end bearing components. Before pouring of the floor of the shaft wall, the loading apparatus is pre-buried. After the strength of floor concrete increases to certain extent, a transverse prepressing stress is applied to the floor concrete through the loading mechanism. Finally, an internal space of the loading apparatus is blocked by grouting, so as to integrate the tension bearing component, the loading apparatus and the like with the floor concrete.

A processing train configured to run along a tunnel to lay a solidifiable fluid material on a wall of the tunnel and allow the solidifiable fluid material to solidify for construction of a lining of the tunnel, an advancement system for advancing the sliding form, a closing edge for closing a space between a front edge of the sliding form and the wall of the tunnel, and spouts for dispensing the solidifiable fluid material around a front segment of the sliding form. A method for constructing a lining of a tunnel with the solidifiable fluid material involves, defining an interspace between the front segment of the sliding form and the wall of the tunnel, introducing the solidifiable fluid material into the interspace and, after hardening time, advancing the sliding form to form a new interspace and successive lining sections.

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of waterproofing, and relates to a waterproof membrane, a preparation method and a construction method thereof, and a tunnel waterproof system. The waterproof membrane includes a resin sheet layer, a non-asphalt-based macromolecular self-adhesive layer and an interface bonding layer which are sequentially disposed, where the waterproof membrane has a light transmittance of ?45%. The present disclosure provides a visual waterproof membrane, that is, light may penetrate through the membrane to make gaskets visual, and when the membrane has a light transmittance of ?45%, it has good visibility for gaskets with warm colors such as orange and red.