The present disclosure provides a device and a method for real-time monitoring the movement trajectory of mine roof strata, which relates to the technical field of the movement monitoring of mine roof strata. The device described in the present disclosure has fewer components, and the assembly process is simple and fast during use. It can be assembled and used according to the actual length of the monitoring borehole; the structure of the device is relatively simple, easy to manufacture, uses fewer precision instruments, and has a lower cost; by using the device of the present disclosure for real-time monitoring of mine roof strata, the movement trajectory of mine roof strata can be monitored in real-time, accurately, and continuously, providing more detailed strata information for disaster prevention and control such as mine pressure, strata control, and rock burst.