Provided is a water-absorbent resin that quickly absorbs water, even in sandbag in which a large amount of the water-absorbent resin has been used, that does not easily form unswollen lump, and that has a high gel swelling volume when water is used to swell the water-absorbent resin. This water-absorbent resin is configured from a polymer of water-soluble ethylenic unsaturated monomers. The physiological-saline absorption capacity of the water-absorbent resin is 40-60 g/g. When a cross-sectional image of the water-absorbent resin is observed by x-ray computed tomography, the fraction of the area of the cross-sectional image that is hollow portions (the hollow area ratio of the cross-sectional image), as calculated on the basis of formula (I), is no more than 10%. (I) Hollow area ratio [%]={total cross-sectional area (B) of hollow portions of the water-absorbent resin/(total cross-sectional area (A) of resin portions of the water-absorbent resin+total cross-sectional area (B) of hollow portions of the water-absorbent resin)}×100%.

A scour prevention unit includes a bag body housing block objects in a bag material, and a cloth integrated with the bag body, wherein the cloth is housed in the bag material and is laid below the block objects, or is fixed below the bag body outside the bag body by fixing means.

A portable, water-filled barrier system includes a water-fillable module that is internally divided into cells that emulate a section of a sandbag dike or wall, the module being supported by a hollow frame including a base below the module and a rear wall behind the module. Holes allow flood water to enter the frame's interior. A peripheral base rim can surround and restrain the module. At least one brace can extend from behind the rear wall of the frame to underlying terrain, where it can be wedged or staked in place. The frame can be unitary or can comprise separate base and rear wall constructions that can be assembled to form the frame, for example by inserting a portion of one into a trough provided in the other. A fitting can extend between the assembled base and rear wall to allow water to flow between the hollow interiors.

An erosion control apparatus includes a flexible, container and a cord. The container includes a container upper side, a container lower side opposite the container upper side, a container trailing end, a container leading end opposite the container trailing end, and a container mouth toward the container leading end. The container mouth provides an opening to a container interior. The cord is attached between the container mouth and an attachment point toward the container trailing end. The cord draws the container mouth toward the container trailing end due to a length of the cord between the container mouth and the attachment point being shorter than a length of the container between the container mouth and the attachment point. The cord further draws the container mouth toward a closed position as sediment enters the container mouth, fills the container interior, and urges the container leading end away from the attachment point.

A portable, water-filled barrier system includes a water-fillable module that is internally divided into cells that emulate a section of a sandbag dike or wall, the module being fixed to an underlying base having front and rear boundaries that extend up from base and horizontally restrain the module. The base can be flexible and water filled, or rigid, and can be installed at or below grade. A lid can extend between the front and rear boundaries of a rigid base to cover the unfilled module, enabling the assemblies to be stacked when stored and transported. The lid can be hinged and, when open, can be supported by at least one brace extending from behind the lid to underlying terrain, where it can be wedged or staked in place. Adjacent bases can be joined at the front and rear to maintain contact between adjacent modules.

The present invention relates to an erosion control apparatus and methods of using and installing the apparatus. The apparatus is constructed to prevent erosion of soil during typical weather conditions and adverse weather events. The apparatus can include a plurality of anchored rolls and soil lifts operative to stabilize the shoreline.

The present invention relates to an erosion control apparatus and methods of using and installing the apparatus. The apparatus is constructed to prevent erosion of soil during typical weather or tidal conditions and adverse weather events. The apparatus can include a plurality of anchored rolls and soil lifts operative to stabilize the shoreline.

An erosion control wattle formed using parallel rows of loops that interlock with succeeding and preceding rows of loops and forms a hollow tubular sock whereby biomass is inserted into hollow tubular sock and deployed in areas whereby erosion is likely to occur and whereby said erosion control wattle blocks high volume flow of water and filters turbid water.

A shape-retaining hoist type rectangular parallelepiped bag includes: a rectangular parallelepiped bag that is a generally rectangular parallelepiped-shaped bag that has an internal space to accommodate an accommodated object; a bottom surface holding mechanism configured to hold a bottom surface by application of a tensile force thereto; a side surface holding mechanism configured to hold a side surface by application of a tensile force thereto; a central hanging body configured to extend in a vertical direction with one end thereof being fixed to a center of the bottom surface of the rectangular parallelepiped bag and hold the bottom surface holding mechanism and the side surface holding mechanism at intermediate positions in the vertical direction; and a ring-shaped hook holding portion connected to the other end of the central hanging body, to which a hook is to be attached. This provides a rectangular parallelepiped bag that is less likely to tear despite its small aspect ratio and large height, can compact soil particles by stages in its height direction, has a stable strength even when the bag has a large height as in a case where the bag has a ratio between a height and a width of the bag exceeding 1:1, for example, and is less likely to be deformed when lifted upwardly in the vertical direction.

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a bag including at least one flexible sheet of material, a back substantially orthogonal to a bottom, a front opposite the back, and a side comprising an envelope configured to receive a support structure.