An energy cell comprising: a chamber for receiving a working fluid and having at least one inlet and outlet to allow working fluid(s) to flow through the chamber, at least one electrode within the chamber to apply electrical energy to the working fluid to generate plasma therein; and the energy cell further comprising: a fluid circulation system for circulating working fluid through the chamber; and a work extraction system for extracting work from fluid output from the chamber.

An energy cell comprising: a chamber for receiving a working fluid and having at least one inlet and outlet to allow working fluid(s) to flow through the chamber, at least one electrode within the chamber to apply electrical energy to the working fluid to generate plasma therein; and the energy cell further comprising: a fluid circulation system for circulating working fluid through the chamber; and a work extraction system for extracting work from fluid output from the chamber.

A hydraulic control circuit for a hydraulic motor operable at least at two displacements, having a proportional speed control valve with a control valve spool continuously moveable by means of a force generated by a pilot pressure being controlled by a continuously, electrically adjustable pilot valve having an electrical actuator, wherein the control valve spool is moveable between a full-torque end position, a reduced-torque end position, and at least one intermediate position. A time related control current function is provided for controlling the current applied to the electrical actuator for controlling the pilot pressure including a pre-current portion with a constant non-zero current and a current ramp portion during which the current is raised or lowered continuously from a ramp starting current level to an intermediate current level. The current is changed abruptly to a switching current level at the end of the current ramp portion for allowing the movement of the speed control valve spool from one of the two end positions via the at least one intermediate switching position into the other end position.

A hydraulic control circuit for a hydraulic motor operable at least at two displacements, having a proportional speed control valve with a control valve spool continuously moveable by means of a force generated by a pilot pressure being controlled by a continuously, electrically adjustable pilot valve having an electrical actuator, wherein the control valve spool is moveable between a full-torque end position, a reduced-torque end position, and at least one intermediate position. A time related control current function is provided for controlling the current applied to the electrical actuator for controlling the pilot pressure including a pre-current portion with a constant non-zero current and a current ramp portion during which the current is raised or lowered continuously from a ramp starting current level to an intermediate current level. The current is changed abruptly to a switching current level at the end of the current ramp portion for allowing the movement of the speed control valve spool from one of the two end positions via the at least one intermediate switching position into the other end position.

An agricultural machine or implement has a main frame section and at least one wing section, each having lift cylinders. A main shank frame may be pivotally attached to the main frame section and may have hydraulically adjustable gauge wheels. Wing shank frames may be pivotally attached to the wing sections and may also have hydraulically adjustable gauge wheels. Bypass circuits may be used to individually adjust the lift cylinders and gauge wheel cylinders. A controller or controllers is used to purge air from the lift cylinders, gauge wheel cylinders, cylinders used to raise the shank frames for transport, and from the bypass circuits. The purge routine may be selectable as individual steps, hydraulic subsystem purges, or as one automatic purge routine.

An agricultural machine or implement has a main frame section and at least one wing section, each having lift cylinders. A main shank frame may be pivotally attached to the main frame section and may have hydraulically adjustable gauge wheels. Wing shank frames may be pivotally attached to the wing sections and may also have hydraulically adjustable gauge wheels. Bypass circuits may be used to individually adjust the lift cylinders and gauge wheel cylinders. A controller or controllers is used to purge air from the lift cylinders, gauge wheel cylinders, cylinders used to raise the shank frames for transport, and from the bypass circuits. The purge routine may be selectable as individual steps, hydraulic subsystem purges, or as one automatic purge routine.

Systems and methods are disclosed of an engine driven power system that includes a permanent magnet generator electrically connected to an energy storage device. An air compressor is coupled to the permanent magnet generator via a clutch. A controller provides power from the energy storage device to the permanent magnet generator to turn the permanent magnet generator to drive the air compressor via the clutch to increase an air pressure level.

A drive assembly includes a drive motor at least in part contained in a housing and having a rotor rotating an output shaft. A selector mechanism, at least in part contained in the housing, is movable into one of a plurality of orientations corresponding to one of a plurality of drive motor settings. An actuator, at least in part contained in the housing, is arranged to move the selector mechanism into one of the plurality of orientations. The actuator has first and second pistons each disposed in a piston chamber of the housing for movement by hydraulic pressure. The second piston is arranged in contact with the first piston and configured to aggregate and transfer forces from hydraulic movement of the first piston and the second piston to move the selector mechanism.

A drive assembly includes a drive motor at least in part contained in a housing and having a rotor rotating an output shaft. A selector mechanism, at least in part contained in the housing, is movable into one of a plurality of orientations corresponding to one of a plurality of drive motor settings. An actuator, at least in part contained in the housing, is arranged to move the selector mechanism into one of the plurality of orientations. The actuator has first and second pistons each disposed in a piston chamber of the housing for movement by hydraulic pressure. The second piston is arranged in contact with the first piston and configured to aggregate and transfer forces from hydraulic movement of the first piston and the second piston to move the selector mechanism.

An air motor assembly includes an exhaust block with an exhaust port that conveys exhaust air into an exhaust manifold. The exhaust port includes an expansion chamber that creates a pressure drop in the exhaust gas, thereby decreasing the temperature of the exhaust gas. The expansion chamber is defined between a first wall that is tangential to the air motor cylinder and a second wall that is transverse to an axis of the exhaust port. Poppet valves control actuation of a shuttle. The poppet valves are disposed on the exterior of the air motor assembly and are thermally insulated from the air motor assembly.