Described is a system including an air pressure supply arrangement, a sensor and a titration device. The air pressure supply arrangement provides air pressure to a patient's airways. The sensor detects input data corresponding to a patient's breathing patterns of a plurality of breaths. The titration device receives and analyzes the input data to determine existence of breathing disorder and corresponding characteristics. The titration device generates output data for adjusting the air pressure supplied to the patient as a function of an index of abnormal respiratory events included in the input data.

Described is a system including an air pressure supply arrangement, a sensor and a titration device. The air pressure supply arrangement provides air pressure to a patient's airways. The sensor detects input data corresponding to a patient's breathing patterns of a plurality of breaths. The titration device receives and analyzes the input data to determine existence of breathing disorder and corresponding characteristics. The titration device generates output data for adjusting the air pressure supplied to the patient as a function of an index of abnormal respiratory events included in the input data.

A nasal mask having a seal housing and a flexible nasal seal connected or connectable to the seal housing to define a mask cavity. The nasal seal extends between a face-contacting side and an outer side. The nasal seal has a contacting surface having an edge that defines a nose-receiving opening into the mask cavity and which is configured to seal about the user's nose. The nasal seal also has an under-nose support fixedly connected into the seal and which is configured to extend within the mask cavity and having a contact surface that is oriented to contact at least a portion of the under-nose surface of the user.

A nasal mask having a seal housing and a flexible nasal seal connected or connectable to the seal housing to define a mask cavity. The nasal seal extends between a face-contacting side and an outer side. The nasal seal has a contacting surface having an edge that defines a nose-receiving opening into the mask cavity and which is configured to seal about the user's nose. The nasal seal also has an under-nose support fixedly connected into the seal and which is configured to extend within the mask cavity and having a contact surface that is oriented to contact at least a portion of the under-nose surface of the user.

A patient has a cushion forming at least part of a plenum chamber pressurizable to a therapeutic pressure. The cushion includes a seal-forming structure to form a seal with a region of a patient's face surrounding the entrance to the patient's nares; a positioning and stabilising structure to provide a force to hold the seal-forming structure in a therapeutically effective position on a patient's head, the positioning and stabilizing structure comprising a first and second headgear sections each adapted to extend towards the cushion from the rear of the patient's head, the first headgear section comprising a hollow tube configured to convey pressurized gas at the therapeutic pressure from the rear or crown of the patient's head to the cushion, the second headgear section comprising a strap.

A patient has a cushion forming at least part of a plenum chamber pressurizable to a therapeutic pressure. The cushion includes a seal-forming structure to form a seal with a region of a patient's face surrounding the entrance to the patient's nares; a positioning and stabilising structure to provide a force to hold the seal-forming structure in a therapeutically effective position on a patient's head, the positioning and stabilizing structure comprising a first and second headgear sections each adapted to extend towards the cushion from the rear of the patient's head, the first headgear section comprising a hollow tube configured to convey pressurized gas at the therapeutic pressure from the rear or crown of the patient's head to the cushion, the second headgear section comprising a strap.

A method of determining a duration of safe apnoea. Information is obtained relating to a respiratory indicator, which can include information relating to a potential respiratory equilibrium, and a duration of safe apnoea is determined from the obtained information.

A patient interface a positioning and stabilising structure, which includes a gas delivery tube with a tube wall that has an interior passage for flow of pressurized air. A portion of the tube wall includes a patient contacting portion and a non-patient contacting portion. The patient contacting portion includes a layer of textile material or foam material configured to lie against the patient's head. At least a section of the non-patient contacting portion includes of a transparent and/or translucent material. The layer of textile material or foam material is bonded to the transparent and/or translucent material so that the tube wall is formed as a one piece construction. A plane extends generally transverse to longitudinal axis contains both (1) the textile material or foam material and (2) the transparent and/or translucent material, so that the patient may view the interior passage along a transverse axis extending through the plane.

A patient interface a positioning and stabilising structure, which includes a gas delivery tube with a tube wall that has an interior passage for flow of pressurized air. A portion of the tube wall includes a patient contacting portion and a non-patient contacting portion. The patient contacting portion includes a layer of textile material or foam material configured to lie against the patient's head. At least a section of the non-patient contacting portion includes of a transparent and/or translucent material. The layer of textile material or foam material is bonded to the transparent and/or translucent material so that the tube wall is formed as a one piece construction. A plane extends generally transverse to longitudinal axis contains both (1) the textile material or foam material and (2) the transparent and/or translucent material, so that the patient may view the interior passage along a transverse axis extending through the plane.

The invention provides an insufflation apparatus having a housing and a gas generator arranged to be, at least partially, mounted to the housing. The housing includes a gas outlet for delivering gas to a patient and a gas storage chamber arranged to store gas and deliver it to the gas outlet. The gas generator includes a cartridge mount on the housing adapted to receive a gas generating cartridge, the gas generating cartridge containing gas generating material that generates gas that is delivered to the gas storage chamber. The invention also provides alternative insufflation apparatus, a gas cartridge and a method of generating insufflation gas.