A turbine engine includes a spool with a compressor for providing a compressed air flow to a turbine, a shaft that connects the compressor and a turbine such that the compressor and the turbine rotate together, and a fuel supply. A combustor located downstream of the compressor receives and combusts the compressed air flow and the fuel supply, generating combustion gases. The combustion gases rotate the turbine, in turn rotating the spool. A balance piston for applying an axial force on the spool includes a rotating boundary portion and a fixed enclosure portion that does not rotate, defining a balance piston cavity. A water system provides water to the balance piston cavity, heat transfer from the balance piston to the water causes expansion of the water, the water in the balance piston cavity being balance piston fluid that is pressurized and applies an axial force to the spool.

A turbine engine includes a spool with a compressor for providing a compressed air flow to a turbine, a shaft that connects the compressor and a turbine such that the compressor and the turbine rotate together, and a fuel supply. A combustor located downstream of the compressor receives and combusts the compressed air flow and the fuel supply, generating combustion gases. The combustion gases rotate the turbine, in turn rotating the spool. A balance piston for applying an axial force on the spool includes a rotating boundary portion and a fixed enclosure portion that does not rotate, defining a balance piston cavity. A water system provides water to the balance piston cavity, heat transfer from the balance piston to the water causes expansion of the water, the water in the balance piston cavity being balance piston fluid that is pressurized and applies an axial force to the spool.

A turbine engine includes a spool with a compressor for providing a compressed air flow to a turbine, a shaft that connects the compressor and a turbine such that the compressor and the turbine rotate together, and a fuel supply. A combustor located downstream of the compressor receives and combusts the compressed air flow and the fuel supply, generating combustion gases. The combustion gases rotate the turbine, in turn rotating the spool. A balance piston for applying an axial force on the spool includes a rotating boundary portion and a fixed enclosure portion that does not rotate, defining a balance piston cavity. A water system provides water to the balance piston cavity, heat transfer from the balance piston to the water causes expansion of the water, the water in the balance piston cavity being balance piston fluid that is pressurized and applies an axial force to the spool.

An online rotor thrust adjustment system is disclosed. The online rotor thrust adjustment system comprises at least an axial thrust balance flow net between a compressor and an expander of a gas turbine, the axial thrust balance flow net feeding high pressure gas from the compressor to an axial thrust balance piston cavity; wherein an open loop flow regulator is arranged along the axial thrust balance flow net.

An online rotor thrust adjustment system is disclosed. The online rotor thrust adjustment system comprises at least an axial thrust balance flow net between a compressor and an expander of a gas turbine, the axial thrust balance flow net feeding high pressure gas from the compressor to an axial thrust balance piston cavity; wherein an open loop flow regulator is arranged along the axial thrust balance flow net.