Systems, apparatuses and methods in interoperating with multiple clean energy sources, such as pneumatic energy, electrical energy, hydrogen energy and steam energy, with engine configurations employing theses clean energy sources dynamically and synchronously. Further embodiments including fossil fuel energies.

A thermal utilization system is capable of producing power, storing energy via a chemical or and a hydropower-elevation means. It also capable of transport fluid as vapor over obstacles and terrains, as well as desalinate water. It may in some embodiments do all or some of these tasks simultaneously and with the same amount of energy. It may run with any source of energy including renewable energy sources such as solar energy, and wind. The system may use that energy to run a heat engine and, at the same time, stores that energy via chemical separation. When energy is needed, the system may withdraw the chemical substances and lets them interact to claim the energy back, and then use it to run a heat engine and desalinate water. Some parts of the system can be used for cooling and heating. The system may be configured to be an air conditioner unit or a refrigerator that has an internal back up energy storage.

The subject of the invention is the method of conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy and a thermo-hydrodynamic converter in which the said conversion occurs, which is the result of combustion of the fuel in the boiler in which generated steam is directed to converter vessels, whereas during continuous operation the steam is reheated and it is repeatedly used in converter units of different pressures.

The method of conversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy for power generation consists in that water is heated in the boiler (kp) to obtain steam that is supplied under the pressure of about 100 atm and at the temperature of about 500° C. to the vessel (tk1) from where it forces out the water accumulated in the vessel, which flowing out from the vessel (tk1) drives the water turbine (10) and this water turbine drives the power generator (11), and then the water is supplied to the vessel (tk2) from where it is forced out by the steam supplied from the boiler (kp), which water flowing out from the vessel (tk2) drives the water turbine (10) and this water turbine drives the power generator (11), and then this water is supplied to the vessel (tk3) from where it is forced out by the steam supplied from the boiler (kp), which water flowing out from the vessel (tk3) drives the water turbine (10) and this water turbine drives the power generator (11), and then this water is supplied to the vessel (tk4) from where it is forced out by the steam supplied from the boiler (kp), which water flowing out from the vessel (tk4) drives the water turbine (10) and this water turbine drives the power generator (11), whereby the water returns to the vessel (tk1), and the steam from the vessel (tk4) returns to the boiler (kp) preheating the steam produced there and the working cycle of the vessels (tk1), (tk2), (tk3), (tk4) of the converter is repeated from the beginning.

An apparatus for converting heat energy to mechanical energy includes a closed circuit having a pressure side with a first conduit, a lower pressure side with a second conduit, two actuators between the pressure sides, a working medium circulated in the closed circuit, a heating source to heat the working medium in the pressure side and a cooling arrangement to cool the working medium in the lower pressure side. The liquid working medium circulated in the closed circuit system is degasified.

An inertia-based energy storage device with a fluid pressure regulating function and an energy storage method. The device comprises a vacuum vessel (1), a pressure regulating vessel, a pressure transmission member, a kinetic energy recovery device and a hydraulic generator. The energy storage method comprises: providing a fluid which is liquid or compressed gas; accelerating the fluid and thereafter decelerating the fluid; recovering deceleration kinetic energy of the fluid in decelerating the fluid; in the process of accelerating or decelerating the fluid, regulating an pressure of the fluid from a first pressure to a second pressure depending on a rate of change in velocity and a state of motion of the fluid. The energy storage device can regulate the pressure of fluid during the inertia-based energy storage process and extract the pressure energy of fluid after pressure regulation.

Systems, apparatuses and methods in interoperating with multiple clean energy sources, such as pneumatic energy, electrical energy, hydrogen energy and steam energy, with engine configurations employing theses clean energy sources dynamically and synchronously. Further embodiments including fossil fuel energies.

A thermal utilization system is capable of producing power, storing energy via a chemical or and a hydropower-elevation means. It also capable of transport fluid as vapor over obstacles and terrains, as well as desalinate water. It may in some embodiments do all or some of these tasks simultaneously and with the same amount of energy. It may run with any source of energy including renewable energy sources such as solar energy, and wind. The system may use that energy to run a heat engine and, at the same time, stores that energy via chemical separation. When energy is needed, the system may withdraw the chemical substances and lets them interact to claim the energy back, and then use it to run a heat engine and desalinate water. Some parts of the system can be used for cooling and heating. The system may be configured to be an air conditioner unit or a refrigerator that has an internal back up energy storage.

A system for the generation of mechanical or electrical energy from heat energy, where increasing a height or pressure in a liquid chamber of the system containing a liquid increases an efficiency of the system up to a hundred percent or increases such efficiency until a critical temperature or pressure of the vapor (gas) is reached at the bottom of liquid chamber or in the boiler of the system depending upon the increment in height, pressure and the type of liquid used in the system. An increase in height of the system for such increased efficiency can be adjusted to a smaller height by maintaining a series of liquid and gas chambers where the vapor flows through the series of chambers or by adding pressure valves. The heat energy from high to low temperature sources can be convened to mechanical and electrical energy.

Systems, apparatuses and methods in interoperating with multiple clean energy sources, such as pneumatic energy, electrical energy, hydrogen energy and steam energy, with engine configurations employing theses clean energy sources dynamically and synchronously. Further embodiments including fossil fuel energies.

Apparatus for extracting useful work or electricity from low grade thermal sources comprising a chamber, a source of heated dense heat transfer fluid in communication with the chamber, a source of motive fluid in communication with the chamber, wherein the motive fluid comprises a liquid phase, a flow control mechanism cooperating with the source of heated dense heat transfer fluid and with the source of motive fluid to deliver said fluids into the chamber in a manner that said fluids come into direct contact with each other in the chamber to effect a phase change of the motive fluid from liquid to gas to increase the pressure within the chamber to yield pressurized fluids, and a work extracting mechanism in communication with the chamber that extracts work from the pressurized fluids by way of pressure let down.