The invention relates to a highly heat conductive valve seat ring (1) comprising a carrier layer (2) and a functional layer (3), wherein the carrier layer (2) consists of a solidified copper matrix containing 0.10 to 20% w/w of a solidifying component and the functional layer (3) consists of a solidified copper matrix which further contains, based on the copper matrix, 5 to 35% w/w of one or more hard phases.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a sintered alloy valve guide capable of inhibiting valve adhesion even in a high-temperature environment. The problem can be solved by a sintered alloy valve guide impregnated with a lubricating oil including pores that are sealed on the valve guide outer circumferential surface. More particularly, the problem is solved by the sealing step of performing a sealing treatment of pores on the outer circumferential surface of a sintered body impregnated with a lubricating oil.

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a sintered alloy valve guide capable of inhibiting valve adhesion even in a high-temperature environment. The problem can be solved by a sintered alloy valve guide impregnated with a lubricating oil including pores that are sealed on the valve guide outer circumferential surface. More particularly, the problem is solved by the sealing step of performing a sealing treatment of pores on the outer circumferential surface of a sintered body impregnated with a lubricating oil.

A marine outboard motor having an internal combustion engine is provided. The internal combustion engine includes an engine block having at least one cylinder and a valve train comprising a cam, a valve assembly including a valve spring, a roller finger follower, and a pivot post. The pivot post extends from a fixed body of the engine block and defines a contact surface about which the roller finger follower pivots when deflected by the cam during use. The pivot post is moveable relative to the fixed body in a first longitudinal direction (A) against the action of the valve spring. A removable shim is disposed between the fixed body and a portion (182) of the pivot post to space the pivot post from the fixed body in the first longitudinal direction (A) and thereby reduce an amount of lash between the cam and the roller finger follower. The removable shim is dimensioned to fit at least partly around a shaft portion of the pivot post.

An internal combustion engine includes an engine block, a piston, a cylinder head, and a valve train. The engine block includes a cylinder block including a cylinder bore and a crankcase defining a crankcase chamber with a crankshaft positioned within the crankcase chamber. The piston is coupled to the crankshaft and configured to reciprocate within the cylinder bore. The cylinder head is coupled to the cylinder block. The valve train includes a camshaft, a first and second pushrod, a first and second rocker arm, an exhaust valve housed, and an intake valve. The first rocker arm, the second rocker arm, the exhaust valve, and the intake valve each include at least a layer of a low friction material. The first and second pushrod each pass through a pushrod seal to prevent fluid from reaching the rocker chamber to fluidly isolate the rocker chamber from the crankcase chamber.

A sliding member includes a base substrate and a coating layer formed on the base substrate. The coating layer includes an inorganic part derived from at least one type of inorganic particles selected from the group consisting of iron base alloy particles, cobalt base alloy particles, chromium base alloy particles, nickel base alloy particles, molybdenum base alloy particles, and ceramic particles, and a metal part derived from at least one type of metal particles selected from the group consisting of iron base alloy particles other than listed in the above group, copper particles, and copper alloy particles. The inorganic part is bonded to another inorganic part and/or the metal part via interfaces therebetween, and the metal part is bonded to another metal part and/or the inorganic part via interfaces therebetween. The sliding member includes an interface layer including at least one of a diffusion layer and an intermetallic compound layer on at least one part of an interface between the base substrate and the coating layer or interfaces between the inorganic part and the metal part, the inorganic parts, and the metal parts. The interface layer has a thickness of equal to or less than 2 μm.

A sliding member includes a base substrate and a coating layer formed on the base substrate. The coating layer includes an inorganic part derived from at least one type of inorganic particles selected from the group consisting of iron base alloy particles, cobalt base alloy particles, chromium base alloy particles, nickel base alloy particles, molybdenum base alloy particles, and ceramic particles, and a metal part derived from at least one type of metal particles selected from the group consisting of iron base alloy particles other than listed in the above group, copper particles, and copper alloy particles. The inorganic part is bonded to another inorganic part and/or the metal part via interfaces therebetween, and the metal part is bonded to another metal part and/or the inorganic part via interfaces therebetween. The sliding member includes an interface layer including at least one of a diffusion layer and an intermetallic compound layer on at least one part of an interface between the base substrate and the coating layer or interfaces between the inorganic part and the metal part, the inorganic parts, and the metal parts. The interface layer has a thickness of equal to or less than 2 μm.

Provided is a sealing apparatus that can prevent a garter spring from falling off an elastic member. The sealing apparatus comprises a reinforcing ring formed annularly around an axis, an elastic body part that is attached to the reinforcing ring and that is formed annularly around the axis, and a garter spring attached to the elastic body part. The reinforcing ring includes a retainer that is an annular portion projecting to an outer periphery side from an end portion on one side of the reinforcing ring in a direction of the axis. The elastic body part has at least one projection that is formed on the one side of a zone to which the garter spring is attached in the direction of the axis and that projects from the elastic body part to the outer periphery side.

A gas exchange valve for an internal combustion engine may include a valve stem and a wear resistance improving functional layer. The valve stem may extend in an axial direction and may transition into a valve plate in the axial direction. The functional layer may include nickel and tungsten. The functional layer may be arranged in a coating area on an outer circumference of the valve stem and may at least partially define a sliding surface.

A valve assembly for an engine includes a gas exchange valve, a valve guide, and a seal. The gas exchange valve includes a valve stem. The valve guide includes an outer surface having a stem seal retention surface disposed at a seal end thereof. The valve stem extends through the valve guide such that the valve is reciprocally movable over a range of travel along the longitudinal axis with respect thereto. The seal is mounted to the stem seal retention surface of the valve guide such that the seal is in running, sealing engagement with the valve stem. The stem seal retention surface includes a shoulder surface to help retain the seal.