Embodiments disclosed herein relate to internal combustion engines, combustion systems that include such internal combustion engines, and controls for controlling operation of the combustion engine. The internal combustion engine may include one or more mechanisms for injecting fuel, air, fuel-air mixture, or combinations thereof directly into one or more cylinders, and controls may operate or direct operation of such mechanisms.

A compression release engine in-cylinder braking system, comprising a valve mechanism, an oil cylinder device, an oil pump device, and an oil supply device. The oil cylinder device and the oil pump device of each air cylinder communicate with each other through a pressure transmission oil circuit, which communicates with the oil supply device through a low-pressure relief valve. An air release valve is arranged at the high end of an oil circuit system. During in-cylinder braking, the air release valve is closed, an electromagnetic reversing valve is energized, engine oil having a pressure of P1 is supplied to the pressure transmission oil circuit, and a cam abuts against and pushes the oil pump device to pump high-pressure oil to the oil cylinder device, so as to push a rocker arm to open a valve, thereby achieving in-cylinder braking.

A compression release engine in-cylinder braking system, comprising a valve mechanism, an oil cylinder device, an oil pump device, and an oil supply device. The oil cylinder device and the oil pump device of each air cylinder communicate with each other through a pressure transmission oil circuit, which communicates with the oil supply device through a low-pressure relief valve. An air release valve is arranged at the high end of an oil circuit system. During in-cylinder braking, the air release valve is closed, an electromagnetic reversing valve is energized, engine oil having a pressure of P1 is supplied to the pressure transmission oil circuit, and a cam abuts against and pushes the oil pump device to pump high-pressure oil to the oil cylinder device, so as to push a rocker arm to open a valve, thereby achieving in-cylinder braking.

Internal combustion engines, including engines producing power from solid or slow burning fuel(s), such as biological-based or petroleum-based fuels, wood, corn, biomass, coal, and waste products, and/or possibly other liquid or gaseous fluids, as well as methods for operating or implementing such engines, are disclosed herein. In an example embodiment, the engine includes a crankshaft, a piston, a cylinder having an internal cavity and several ports, and an assembly having a chamber having a first region within which solid fuel can be situated and combusted. The assembly further includes a diverter valve so that, depending upon a setting of the valve and during engine operation, first and second amounts of compressed air respectively proceed to the first region and to bypass the first region, and a combination of combustion products and the second amount proceeds via one of the ports to the part of the internal cavity.

Internal combustion engines, including engines producing power from solid or slow burning fuel(s), such as biological-based or petroleum-based fuels, wood, corn, biomass, coal, and waste products, and/or possibly other liquid or gaseous fluids, as well as methods for operating or implementing such engines, are disclosed herein. In an example embodiment, the engine includes a crankshaft, a piston, a cylinder having an internal cavity and several ports, and an assembly having a chamber having a first region within which solid fuel can be situated and combusted. The assembly further includes a diverter valve so that, depending upon a setting of the valve and during engine operation, first and second amounts of compressed air respectively proceed to the first region and to bypass the first region, and a combination of combustion products and the second amount proceeds via one of the ports to the part of the internal cavity.

A compression-release engine brake system operating an exhaust valve of an engine during a compression-release engine braking operation. The compression-release brake system comprises an exhaust rocker arm and a brake reset device disposed in a reset bore formed in the exhaust rocker arm. The brake reset device comprises a reset check valve, a slider-piston slidably disposed in the reset bore and an external slider bias spring biasing the piston foot away from the brake reset device. The external slider bias spring is disposed outside the reset bore and around the piston-slider. The brake reset device permits pressurized hydraulic fluid to flow from a supply conduit to a reset conduit to supply a brake actuation piston when the reset check valve is open. The actuation piston extends and engages the exhaust valve toward the end of a compression stroke of the internal combustion engine, and the brake reset device resets.

A valve actuation system comprises a valve actuation motion source configured to provide main and auxiliary valve actuation motions for actuating at least one engine valve via a valve actuation load path. A lost motion subtracting mechanism is arranged in a valve bridge and configured, in a first default operating state, to convey at least the main valve actuation motion and configured, in a first activated state, to lose the main valve actuation motion and the auxiliary valve actuation motion. Additionally, a lost motion adding mechanism is arranged in a rocker arm and configured, in a second default operating state, to lose the auxiliary valve actuation motion and configured, in a second activated state, to convey the auxiliary valve actuation motion, wherein the lost motion adding mechanism is parallel with the lost motion subtracting mechanism in the valve actuation load path at least during the second activated state.

A valve actuation system comprises a valve actuation motion source configured to provide main and auxiliary valve actuation motions for actuating at least one engine valve via a valve actuation load path. A lost motion subtracting mechanism is arranged in a valve bridge and configured, in a first default operating state, to convey at least the main valve actuation motion and configured, in a first activated state, to lose the main valve actuation motion and the auxiliary valve actuation motion. Additionally, a lost motion adding mechanism is arranged in a rocker arm and configured, in a second default operating state, to lose the auxiliary valve actuation motion and configured, in a second activated state, to convey the auxiliary valve actuation motion, wherein the lost motion adding mechanism is parallel with the lost motion subtracting mechanism in the valve actuation load path at least during the second activated state.

Internal combustion engines, including engines producing power from solid or slow burning fuel(s), such as biological-based or petroleum-based fuels, wood, corn, biomass, coal, and waste products, and/or possibly other liquid or gaseous fluids, as well as methods for operating or implementing such engines, are disclosed herein. In an example embodiment, the engine includes a crankshaft, a piston, a cylinder having an internal cavity and several ports, and an assembly having a chamber having a first region within which solid fuel can be situated and combusted. The assembly further includes a diverter valve so that, depending upon a setting of the valve and during engine operation, first and second amounts of compressed air respectively proceed to the first region and to bypass the first region, and a combination of combustion products and the second amount proceeds via one of the ports to the part of the internal cavity.

Internal combustion engines, including engines producing power from solid or slow burning fuel(s), such as biological-based or petroleum-based fuels, wood, corn, biomass, coal, and waste products, and/or possibly other liquid or gaseous fluids, as well as methods for operating or implementing such engines, are disclosed herein. In an example embodiment, the engine includes a crankshaft, a piston, a cylinder having an internal cavity and several ports, and an assembly having a chamber having a first region within which solid fuel can be situated and combusted. The assembly further includes a diverter valve so that, depending upon a setting of the valve and during engine operation, first and second amounts of compressed air respectively proceed to the first region and to bypass the first region, and a combination of combustion products and the second amount proceeds via one of the ports to the part of the internal cavity.