An engine variable camshaft timing phaser (10) includes a sprocket (12) and a planetary gear assembly (14). The sprocket (12) receives rotational drive input from an engine crankshaft. The planetary gear assembly (14) includes two or more ring gears (26, 28), multiple planet gears (24), a sun gear (22), and a wrap spring (76). One of the ring gears (26, 28) receives rotational drive input from the sprocket (12) and one of the ring gears (26, 28) transmits rotational drive output to an engine camshaft. The sun gear (22) engages with the planet gears (24). The wrap spring (76) experiences expansion and contraction exertions to permit advancing and retarding engine valve opening and closing, and to prevent advancing and retarding engine valve opening and closing.

A shaft assembly for a powertrain includes a shaft having a cavity extending at least partially from a first axial end to a second axial end of the shaft and opening at at least one of the first axial end and the second axial end. For example, the shaft may be a balance shaft, a camshaft, or a transmission shaft. A first core plug is disposed in the cavity. The shaft and the core plug may be the same material, or may be different materials. The shaft may have a first density, first cross-sectional area, or first area modulus, and the core plug may have a different second density, second cross sectional area, or second area modulus which may be less than the first density, the first cross-sectional area, or the first area modulus.

A camshaft phaser includes an input member an output member defining an advance chamber and a retard chamber; a valve spool having a valve spool bore; a first recirculation check valve and a second recirculation check valve disposed within the valve spool bore; and a biasing member which biases the first recirculation check valve and the second recirculation check valve away from each other. The first recirculation check valve allows oil to pass from the advance chamber to the retard chamber and prevents oil from passing from the retard chamber to the advance chamber when the valve spool is in a retard position. The second recirculation check valve allows oil to pass from the retard chamber to the advance chamber and prevents oil from passing from the advance chamber to the retard chamber when the valve spool is in an advance position.

A composite vehicle shaft assembly includes a body formed from a first material having a first end, a second end, and an intermediate portion extending therebetween. The intermediate portion defines an axis of rotation and includes an outer surface and an inner surface defining a cavity. At least one core plug formed from a second material is disposed in the cavity.

A valve timing adjustment device includes a drive-side rotating body that rotates in conjunction with a crankshaft, a driven-side rotating body that rotates integrally with a camshaft, a speed reduction mechanism that transmits rotation while allowing relative rotation between the drive-side rotating body and the driven-side rotating body. The driven-side rotating body includes a fastening portion fastened to the end portion of the camshaft by a center bolt, a bearing portion that is located radially outward of the fastening portion and that axially supports the drive-side rotating body, and a fitting outer surface that is fitted to a regulating member on a side where an outer diameter of an axial contact surface with the other member on one side and the other side in the axial direction of the driven-side rotating body is large.

An electromagnetic valve has: a coil; a casing encircling the coil and having a cylinder portion and nail portions; a movable core moving axially in the wound coil; a fixed core set at an opening end of the casing; a valve body fixed to the opening end of the casing together with the fixed core by bending inwards the nail portions; and a spool valve body moving axially in the valve body. The nail portion is provided with a wide width portion at a root side, a narrow width portion at a top side and a stepped portion between the wide width portion and the narrow width portion. The stepped portion is positioned at a substantially same position as an outer edge of one end portion of the valve body, or positioned at a cylinder portion side with respect to the one end portion outer edge of the valve body.

A drain port of a hydraulic oil controller is connected to an oil discharge portion. Each of partitions partitions between a corresponding one of drain oil passages and a corresponding one of a retard supply oil passage and an advance supply oil passage. Each of the drain oil passages connects between the oil discharge portion and a corresponding one of a retard chamber and an advance chamber. A recycle oil passage connects between: a portion of each drain oil passage located between the corresponding partition and the drain port; and the retard supply oil passage or the advance supply oil passage. A drain flow restrictor is formed in the portion of each drain oil passage located between the corresponding partition and the drain port. A passage cross-sectional area of the drain flow restrictor is smaller than a smallest passage cross-sectional area of the recycle oil passage and is constant.

The present disclosure provides a hydraulic control valve for a valve timing adjusting device of an engine. The valve timing adjusting device has a hydraulic control valve; a housing; a rotor installed in the housing and having vanes forming advance, retard and locking chambers, respectively; and a locking pin member elastically installed at the locking chamber. In particular, the hydraulic control valve includes: a valve body connected to the camshaft and having ports and a spool space; an outer spool elastically installed in the spool space and having distribution ports selectively communicated with or disconnected to the ports of the valve body; and an inner spool that is integrally coupled to the outer spool and forms a supply passage connected to a working fluid pump and a drain passage connected to a drain tank together. With this arrangement, the hydraulic control valve reliably provides phase angle control operation and the self-locking operation to adjust a valve timing and thereby improving engine performance

A valve opening/closing timing control device includes: an intermediate lock mechanism switchable between a locked state constraining a relative rotation phase to an intermediate locked phase, and an unlocked state releasing the constraint; a phase control unit controlling fluid supply to a retard chamber and fluid discharge from an advance chamber, or controlling fluid discharge from the retard chamber and fluid supply to the advance chamber, such that the lock member attains the intermediate locked phase; and a determination unit determining whether the lock member will attain the determination phase, when control has been performed to move the lock member toward a determination phase that has been set at a different position than the intermediate locked phase, after execution of control to either supply fluid to the retard chamber and discharge fluid from the advance chamber, or discharge fluid from the retard chamber and supply fluid to the advance chamber.

An intake cam is positioned between first and second shaft supports that support an intake camshaft. An exhaust cam is positioned between third and fourth shaft supports that support an exhaust camshaft. An ignition plug unit extends between the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft and inward of the intake cam and the exhaust cam with a cylinder axis defining a reference position. A cylinder head includes a joint plane that is joined to a cylinder body. In a case where a virtual plane is defined by the joint plane and is perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the cylinder axis, a distance between a portion, closest to the virtual plane, of the intake camshaft and the virtual plane is less than a distance between a portion, farthest from the virtual plane, of the intake port and the virtual plane.