A case for an endless transmission member includes a first case member attached to a vehicle-mounted internal combustion engine and a second case member attached to the first case member. The first and second case members define an accommodation chamber that accommodates an endless transmission member looped over rotating bodies of the engine. The first case member includes a communication hole that connects the accommodation chamber to the inside of the engine. The first or second case member includes a guide rib that guides lubricant from the accommodation chamber to the inside of the engine. In an orientation of the case when the engine is installed in a vehicle, the guide rib is provided along part of the lower side of the opening edge of the communication hole including the lower end of the opening edge.

Described herein are lubricant compositions that include combinations of lubricant additives that are effective at improving the surface finish of a range of manufactured materials and equipment. In particular, friction modifiers and antiwear additives are employed to decrease surface roughness of additive manufactured (AM), e.g., 3D printed, materials and equipment in concert with maximizing energy efficiency.

Described herein are lubricant compositions that include combinations of lubricant additives that are effective at improving the surface finish of a range of manufactured materials and equipment. In particular, friction modifiers and antiwear additives are employed to decrease surface roughness of additive manufactured (AM), e.g., 3D printed, materials and equipment in concert with maximizing energy efficiency.

As a lubricant present between a transfer belt for transferring a print sheet and a platen plate on a rear side thereof and bringing the both into close contact, a lubricant containing 70 weight % or more of a fatty acid ester solvent with carbon number in a molecule of 20 or more and 34 or less is used so as to reduce sliding between the transfer belt and the platen plate and sliding resistance generated between the transfer belt for transferring the print sheet and an auxiliary plate arranged along this.

A device for lubricating a traction motor drive end bearing is disclosed. The drive end lubrication device may include an inner cover, an outer cover, and a paddle wheel. The inner cover may include a first mating surface and the outer cover may include a second mating surface. The inner cover first mating surface may fit together with the outer cover second mating surface to form a casing and the paddle wheel may nest inside the casing.

Described herein are lubricant compositions that include combinations of lubricant additives that are effective at improving the surface finish of a range of manufactured materials and equipment. In particular, friction modifiers and antiwear additives are employed to decrease surface roughness of additive manufactured (AM), e.g., 3D printed, materials and equipment in concert with maximizing energy efficiency.

Described herein are lubricant compositions that include combinations of lubricant additives that are effective at improving the surface finish of a range of manufactured materials and equipment. In particular, friction modifiers and antiwear additives are employed to decrease surface roughness of additive manufactured (AM), e.g., 3D printed, materials and equipment in concert with maximizing energy efficiency.

In a general-purpose engine including a cylinder block extending obliquely from one side of a crank case, and a cylinder head connected to an end surface of the cylinder block via a gasket, a unidirectional valve for allowing a flow of a fluid from a crank chamber to a valve operating chamber and blocking a reverse flow of the fluid is installed in an upper oil passage. In a case where lubricant oil reserved in the crank chamber flows into the valve operating chamber via a lower oil passage when the engine inclines such that the inclined cylinder block further slants, positive pressures transmitted from the crank chamber to the valve operating chamber push the oil, which once flows into the valve operating chamber, back to the crank chamber via the lower oil passage.

In a general-purpose engine including a cylinder block extending obliquely from one side of a crank case, and a cylinder head connected to an end surface of the cylinder block via a gasket, a unidirectional valve for allowing a flow of a fluid from a crank chamber to a valve operating chamber and blocking a reverse flow of the fluid is installed in an upper oil passage. In a case where lubricant oil reserved in the crank chamber flows into the valve operating chamber via a lower oil passage when the engine inclines such that the inclined cylinder block further slants, positive pressures transmitted from the crank chamber to the valve operating chamber push the oil, which once flows into the valve operating chamber, back to the crank chamber via the lower oil passage.

A device for lubricating a traction motor drive end bearing is disclosed. The drive end lubrication device may include an inner cover, an outer cover, and a paddle wheel. The inner cover may include a first mating surface and the outer cover may include a second mating surface. The inner cover first mating surface may fit together with the outer cover second mating surface to form a casing and the paddle wheel may nest inside the casing.