A harvesting header includes a header frame, rotary cutters carried by the header frame, a gearbox containing at least one gear coupled to each rotary cutter, and an electronic sensor to indicate an amount of oil in the gearbox. Each rotary cutter has a rotating disc with at least one blade for cutting crops. An agricultural vehicle includes a vehicle frame, at least one attached to the vehicle frame, and a harvesting header coupled to the vehicle frame by a plurality of hydraulic cylinders. A method of operating an agricultural vehicle includes adjusting at least one hydraulic cylinder to move a header frame to a known orientation, sensing a position of an oil surface in a gearbox, and determining or indicating an amount of oil in the gearbox based at least in part on the position of the oil surface.

An automatic lubricator for lubricating an object comprises a housing with a coupling section configured to couple with a lubricant container containing a lubricant. The lubricant container comprises a rotatable shaft with a piston to dispense the lubricant from an output of the lubricant container. The lubricator further comprises an electric motor configured to drive the rotatable shaft of the lubricant container during at least one lubrication action, such that at least a part of the lubricant is dispensable from the lubricant container during the at least one lubrication action, and a control circuitry for controlling the electric motor. The control circuitry is configured to determine a back electromotive force (BEMF) generated by the electric motor during at least a part of the at least one lubrication action, and to determine, based on the determined BEMF, at least one lubrication parameter indicative of the at least one lubrication action.

An automatic lubricator for lubricating an object comprises a housing with a coupling section configured to couple with a lubricant container containing a lubricant. The lubricant container comprises a rotatable shaft with a piston to dispense the lubricant from an output of the lubricant container. The lubricator further comprises an electric motor configured to drive the rotatable shaft of the lubricant container during at least one lubrication action, such that at least a part of the lubricant is dispensable from the lubricant container during the at least one lubrication action, and a control circuitry for controlling the electric motor. The control circuitry is configured to determine a back electromotive force (BEMF) generated by the electric motor during at least a part of the at least one lubrication action, and to determine, based on the determined BEMF, at least one lubrication parameter indicative of the at least one lubrication action.

A method for determining a consumption amount of an engine oil of a vehicle includes starting, by a controller, an engine of the vehicle; and extracting and determining, by the controller, a consumption amount of the engine oil of the vehicle per unit time from a memory storing the consumption amount of the engine oil per unit time, in response to a speed of the started engine and an intake air pressure of the started engine.

Methods and systems of estimating a size of a chip in engine fluid of an engine are provided. One method comprises detecting the chip at a magnetic chip detector immersed in the engine fluid, burning the chip by Joule heating using a single delivery of electric current through the chip via the first and second terminals of the magnetic chip detector, determining an amount of energy consumed to burn the chip, and estimating the size of the chip based on the amount of energy consumed to burn the chip.

Systems and apparatuses relate to a system comprising a controller comprising at least one processor coupled to a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: determining a concentration of a plurality of wear metal particles in a lubricant for an engine system; determining a confidence parameter regarding the concentration determination; determining a filtered concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles using a baseline concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles; setting a diagnostic threshold for the plurality of wear metal particles based on the confidence parameter; and, responsive to determining that the diagnostic threshold is exceeded, providing a notification.

Systems and apparatuses relate to a system comprising a controller comprising at least one processor coupled to a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: determining a concentration of a plurality of wear metal particles in a lubricant for an engine system; determining a confidence parameter regarding the concentration determination; determining a filtered concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles using a baseline concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles; setting a diagnostic threshold for the plurality of wear metal particles based on the confidence parameter; and, responsive to determining that the diagnostic threshold is exceeded, providing a notification.

A controller includes at least one processor coupled to a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: perform operations comprising: determining a concentration of a plurality of wear metal particles in a lubricant for an engine system; determining a filtered concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles using a baseline concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles; setting a diagnostic threshold based on the filtered concentration of the wear metal particles; and, responsive to determining that the concentration of the wear metal particles exceeds the diagnostic threshold, providing a notification.

A controller includes at least one processor coupled to a memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the at least one processor to: perform operations comprising: determining a concentration of a plurality of wear metal particles in a lubricant for an engine system; determining a filtered concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles using a baseline concentration of the plurality of wear metal particles; setting a diagnostic threshold based on the filtered concentration of the wear metal particles; and, responsive to determining that the concentration of the wear metal particles exceeds the diagnostic threshold, providing a notification.

A breach detection system for an internal combustion engine having a crankcase, an intake manifold, a positive crankcase ventilation valve, a crankcase ventilation tube with a flow control system therein, and a pressure sensor between the flow control system and the crankcase. The flow control system subdivides the crankcase ventilation tube into a plurality of parallel conduits—a first conduit having a normally closed check valve that opens under a first preselected pressure drop in a first direction from the air intake to the crankcase, and a second conduit having either a second check valve that opens under a second preselected pressure drop in a second direction opposite the first direction or a restriction profile having a third preselected pressure drop that is the same in both the first and second direction. When the pressure sensor detects no pressure drop there is a breach in the system.