Timing of HHO gas injection into a 4-stroke engine is optimized based on engine operating parameters to improve fuel economy.

A Diesel Emissions Fluid (DEF) Thawing arrangement is provided for use with a vehicle having an engine, an Engine Control Module (ECM), an exhaust system, and an SCR catalytic device. A DEF injection system is connected to the exhaust system and to the ECM. A DEF tank is connected to the DEF injection system. An exhaust pipe branch is connected to the exhaust system. A heat exchanging apparatus is connected to the exhaust pipe branch and is configured to exchange heat from exhaust gas within the exhaust pipe branch to the DEF in the DEF tank. The heat exchanging apparatus may be an exhaust gas to DEF heat exchanger located at least partially within the DEF tank, or may be an exhaust gas to coolant heat exchanger connected to an engine coolant circuit and a coolant to DEF heat exchanger located at least partially within the DEF tank.

A mixer assembly for mixing an injected reductant with an exhaust gas comprises a tubular housing including a reductant inlet, an exhaust gas inlet and an exhaust gas outlet. The reductant inlet is positioned on a first side of the tubular housing and oriented to direct injected reductant along an injection access that extends transversely to a longitudinal axis. A first flow guide element is shaped as a sheet including a first aperture extending therethrough as well as a surface facing upstream. Exhaust gas flowing through the first aperture is impinged by the injected redundant. A second flow guide element is shaped as a sheet, positioned downstream from the first flow guide element and fixed to the first flow guide element to define a mixing chamber between the first flow guide element and the second flow guide element in which the injected redundant and the exhaust gas mix.

A bottoming cycle power system includes a turbine-generator. The turbine-generator includes a turbo-expander and turbo-compressor disposed on a turbo-crankshaft. The turbo-expander is operable to rotate the turbo-crankshaft as a flow of exhaust gas from a combustion process passes through the turbo-expander. The turbo-compressor is operable to compress the flow of exhaust gas after the exhaust gas passes through the turbo-expander. An exhaust gas heat exchanger includes first and second flow paths operable to exchange heat therebetween. The first flow path is operable to receive the flow of exhaust gas from the turbo-expander prior to the exhaust gas being compressed by the turbo-compressor. The second flow path is operable to receive the flow of exhaust gas from the turbo-compressor after the exhaust gas has been compressed by the turbo-compressor.

A bottoming cycle power system includes a turbine-generator. The turbine-generator includes a turbo-expander and turbo-compressor disposed on a turbo-crankshaft. The turbo-expander is operable to rotate the turbo-crankshaft as a flow of exhaust gas from a combustion process passes through the turbo-expander. The turbo-compressor is operable to compress the flow of exhaust gas after the exhaust gas passes through the turbo-expander. An exhaust gas heat exchanger includes first and second flow paths operable to exchange heat therebetween. The first flow path is operable to receive the flow of exhaust gas from the turbo-expander prior to the exhaust gas being compressed by the turbo-compressor. The second flow path is operable to receive the flow of exhaust gas from the turbo-compressor after the exhaust gas has been compressed by the turbo-compressor.

Systems and methods provide deceleration fuel cutoff regeneration of a gas particulate filter. A powertrain system includes an exhaust system containing the gas particulate filter, which is configured to collect particulate matter from an exhaust gas stream of the powertrain system. A temperature sensor is configured to monitor a temperature of the gas particulate filter. A loading monitor, such as a sensor and/or a model, is configured to provide a loading input of particulate loading of the gas particulate filter. At least one controller is configured to: determine, by comparing the loading input to stored values, whether the gas particulate filter requires the regeneration; effect a warmup of the gas particulate filter when the determination shows the gas particulate filter requires the regeneration; and initiate the regeneration when a value received from the temperature sensor meets a minimum threshold level.

A method for preconditioning at least a part of an engine system of a vehicle. The engine system includes an engine and an exhaust aftertreatment system, EATS. The method providing predicted vehicle operational information comprising a vehicle operational initialization time and predicted engine operation, determining whether or not cold-start emissions of the predicted engine operation achieves a threshold criterium, in response to achieving the threshold criterium, preconditioning at least a part of the engine system such that at least said part of the engine system is preconditioned at a time of the vehicle operational initialization time.

Various embodiments include a method for regenerating a coated particulate filter arranged in an exhaust-gas duct of a motor vehicle. The method may include: detecting a need for particulate filter regeneration; determining a first diagnosis value before initiating particulate filter regeneration; after determining the first diagnosis value, carrying out particulate filter regeneration; determining a second diagnosis value after particulate filter regeneration; determining a difference between the first determined diagnosis value and the second determined diagnosis value; comparing the determined difference with a threshold value; and identifying a particulate filter defect if the determined difference exceeds the threshold value.

Various embodiments include a method for regenerating a coated particulate filter arranged in an exhaust-gas duct of a motor vehicle. The method may include: detecting a need for particulate filter regeneration; determining a first diagnosis value before initiating particulate filter regeneration; after determining the first diagnosis value, carrying out particulate filter regeneration; determining a second diagnosis value after particulate filter regeneration; determining a difference between the first determined diagnosis value and the second determined diagnosis value; comparing the determined difference with a threshold value; and identifying a particulate filter defect if the determined difference exceeds the threshold value.

An apparatus includes a dosing module structured to suspend dosing in an exhaust aftertreatment system; a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) inlet NOx module structured to interpret SCR inlet NOx data and an SCR inlet temperature; a SCR outlet NOx module structured to interpret SCR outlet NOx data; and a system diagnostic module structured to determine an efficiency of a SCR system based on the SCR inlet and outlet NOx data over a range of SCR temperatures, wherein the system diagnostic module is further structured to determine a state of at least one of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC), a diesel particulate filter (DPF), and the SCR system based on the SCR efficiency at an elevated SCR temperature range and the SCR efficiency at a relatively lower SCR temperature range relative to a high SCR efficiency threshold and a low SCR efficiency threshold.