An internal combustion engine arrangement includes an internal combustion engine, a catalytic converter, and a controller. The controller is configured to determine a maximum H.sub.2 production capacity of the catalytic converter. The catalytic converter is arranged downstream of the internal combustion engine. The controller is configured and adapted to determine the maximum H.sub.2 production capacity of the catalytic converter based on a first function that correlates an H.sub.2 production of the internal combustion engine with first internal combustion engine parameters.

A system, apparatus, and method are provided for preventing the accumulation of particulate matter such as combustion soot on sensors positioned in exhaust gas conduits of internal combustion engines. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a device for deflecting soot deposits from sensor surfaces. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a device employing a surface acoustic wave generator for dislodging soot accumulation or measuring soot accumulations to trigger burn-off events. In an embodiment, an injector injects pressurized bursts of gas toward a sensor surface to dislodge particulate matter. In an embodiment, charged electrodes attract charged particles of soot from the exhaust gas flow to form deposits that are then subject to burn-off events.

A cylinder head assembly includes a cast cylinder head and a turbocharger housing integrally cast with the cylinder head. The integrated cylinder head and turbocharger housing includes: (i) a compact low wetted area to provide an uninterrupted flow path pointed directly at a catalyst face to facilitate achieving cold start emissions targets, (ii) a casting core assembly with specific core geometry and steps for assembly to enable core assembly while meeting all cylinder head and integrated turbine housing functional requirements, (iii) an oxygen sensor disposed pre-turbine in an integrated exhaust manifold, and (iv) a fully integrated PCV make-up air system.

An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine of a vehicle includes an exhaust gas pipe, at least one branch pipe branching off from the exhaust gas pipe, for example, a pressure pipe (22), as well as at least one support device (38) supporting at least one branch pipe in relation to an exhaust system component. The support device (38) includes a carrier element (42) fixed to the exhaust system component, a clamping element (44) pressing at least one pressure pipe (22) against the carrier element (42), as well as a clamping (tensioning) device (58) acting between the carrier element (42) and the clamping element (44) for tensioning the clamping element (44) in relation to the carrier element (42).

The present invention is applied to an exhaust system provided with a three-way catalyst and a NOx catalyst which are provided in an exhaust passage of an engine and to which sulfur components in exhaust adhere and release the attached sulfur components by rich components in exhaust, and NOx sensors provided downstream of the catalysts. The NOx sensor is a limiting current type sensor. It is determined whether a sulfur release state is present in which a sulfur component is released from the three-way catalyst and the NOx catalyst. When it is determined that it is in the state of sulfur release, reaction suppression processing for suppressing the reaction between oxygen and sulfur components in the pump cell electrodes and the monitor cell electrodes of the NOx sensors is performed.

Exhaust assemblies for vehicles and methods of installing exhaust systems on vehicles are disclosed. An exhaust assembly for a vehicle includes an exhaust inlet to receive combustion products from a drive unit, a catalytic converter to control emissions from combustion products received by the exhaust system, and a first piping assembly coupled to the exhaust inlet and the catalytic converter.

A gas sensor (100) extending in an axial direction AX including: a gas sensor element (120) which detects the concentration of a specific gas in a gas under measurement; a tubular metallic shell (110) having a polygonal tool engagement portion (110B) surrounding the gas sensor element (120); a tubular outer tube (103) which extends rearward from the metallic shell (110), surrounds the gas sensor element (120), and has an opening (103E) at a rear end thereof; a sealing member (191) which seals the opening (103E); and a tubular heat dissipating member (104) which surrounds the outer tube (103) and reduces the amount of heat transferred from the forward end side of the gas sensor (100) through the outer tube (103) to the sealing member (191). The maximum diameter D1 of the heat dissipating member (104) is equal to or less than the opposite side dimension D2 of the tool engagement portion (110B).

An outlet assembly for an aftertreatment system comprises an outlet conduit configured to receive an exhaust gas from the aftertreatment system. The outlet conduit defines a first aperture through a sidewall thereof. An outlet passage is disposed within the outlet conduit. The outlet passage comprises a first end facing an upstream side of the outlet conduit and a second end located downstream from the first end. The second end is fluidly coupled to the first aperture. A hole is defined through an outlet passage sidewall at a radial location that is proximate to the sidewall of the outlet conduit. The hole is configured to allow a sensor to be inserted therethrough into a flow path defined by the outlet passage. The outlet passage is configured to receive a portion of the exhaust gas from the outlet conduit such that the sensor is exposed to the portion of the exhaust gas.

A method of detecting a need for regeneration of an exhaust particulate filter is described. A first pressure drop is detected in a flow section of an exhaust system which includes the exhaust particulate filter. In addition, an exhaust gas temperature is determined. An exhaust gas mass flow flowing through the exhaust particulate filter is then calculated on the basis of the exhaust gas temperature and the pressure drop. Furthermore, a second pressure drop at the exhaust particulate filter is determined. A need for regeneration is detected when the second pressure drop exceeds a predefined pressure limit value that is dependent on the exhaust gas mass flow. Moreover, an exhaust system for an internal combustion engine is presented which includes an exhaust particulate filter.

An intake system for use with an internal combustion engine having one or more cylinders. The intake system including a compressor assembly having an inlet and an outlet, and where the outlet is configured to be open to and in fluid communication with at least one of the one or more cylinders. The intake system also includes a passageway extending between and in fluid communication with the inlet and the outlet and configured to direct a first flow of gasses and a controller in operable communication with the compressor assembly. Where the intake system is operable in a first mode in which the majority of gasses of the first flow of gasses flow through the passageway toward the outlet, and a second mode in which the majority of gasses of the first flow of gasses flow through the passageway toward the inlet.