A power system including a variable volume combustion chamber for a two-stroke engine having a controlled exhaust port, a fuel injector to the combustion chamber and an oxygen injector to the combustion chamber. The oxygen injector provides repeated oxygen injection pulses to complete a charge. The controlled exhaust port includes an oscillating rotatably mounted valve. A source of pressurized concentrated oxygen to the oxygen injector is in a closed case having a ceramic fiber membrane. An air inlet and a waste outlet are in communication with a first side of the ceramic fiber membrane. An oxygen outlet is in communication with a second side of the ceramic fiber Ionic transport membrane. The case has a heat transfer surface in communication with the controlled exhaust port from the combustion chamber.

A thermoelectric generator includes a first channel for passing a warm fluid along a direction of flow, a second channel for passing a cold fluid, a plurality of thermocouple elements disposed along the direction of flow between the first and second channels, a first member includes portions disposed between the elements and the first channel and associated with the individual elements for providing a heat coupling between the associated element and the first channel, and a second member including portions disposed between the elements and the second channel and associated with the individual elements for providing a heat coupling between the associated element and the second channel. The sum of the thermal resistances of those portions that are associated with a first element positioned upstream of a second element is bigger than the sum of the thermal resistances of those portions that are associated with the second element.

A heat pipe has a first portion positioned within an exhaust path of a gas turbine exhaust processing system and a second portion positioned in a heat exchange relationship with a flow path of a heat exchange fluid. The flow path of the heat exchange fluid includes an ammonia evaporator configured to evaporate ammonia received from an ammonia source. The heat pipe is configured to transfer thermal energy from exhaust gas in the exhaust path to the heat exchange fluid to enable the heat exchange fluid to vaporize the ammonia while cooling the exhaust gas to enable the gas turbine exhaust processing system to more effectively process the exhaust gas.

An exhaust gas purification device (26) for a gas turbine engine (10) comprises a catalyst chamber (64, 96) defined in an exhaust gas passage (22), a reduction agent container (32) containing a solid material that releases a reduction agent gas effective for NOx reduction when heated, a heating device (36, 38) for heating the solid material contained in the reduction agent container, and a reduction agent gas supply passage (48) for supplying the reduction agent gas released from the solid material into the catalyst chamber.

A combined power conversion and carbon capture and recycling subsystem including a fossil fueled oxidation unit, a physical adsorbent CO2 capture medium, rotor, motor, heater, CO2 compressor, diffuser and water storage tank. Exhaust gas from fossil fuel oxidation is scrubbed of CO2 via passage across a physical adsorbent and then released from the adsorbent via fuel oxidation waste heat. High CO2 concentration scrubber exhaust air is then compressed and fed to a diffuser which facilitates dissociation of the CO2 into water where it is temporarily stored for use in watering plants. Carbon from fossil fuel is recycled back into the environment and permanently stored as biomass by natural means of photosynthesis.

An engine and after treatment system comprising an engine with an exhaust line engaged to upstream after treatment components, the upstream after treatment components engaged to a selective catalytic reduction converter, a means for bypassing the upstream after treatment components to allow engine exhausts to warm a catalyst within the selective catalytic reduction converter. One version allows indirect warming of the catalyst by providing a pathway for engine exhausts thru a warming cavity located on an outer region of the selective catalytic converter and then back thru the upstream after treatment components.

A muffler, in particular an end muffler, is provided for an exhaust system in a vehicle. The muffler has a muffler housing that has an exhaust intake pipe via which exhaust flows into the muffler housing as well as an exhaust discharge pipe via which exhaust flows out of the muffler housing. At least part of the muffler housing or the entire muffler housing is surrounded by an outer housing, and an air gap is provided between the muffler housing and the outer housing.

An exhaust purification device for an engine facilitates thawing of a urea aqueous solution, which is frozen in a reducing agent tank of an exhaust purification device, more rapidly. When a urea aqueous solution in a reducing agent tank is frozen at a time of starting an engine, at least a part of the urea aqueous solution to be supplied to an injection nozzle is flown into a reducing agent circulation flow path, a part of which is adjacent to a heat source, and the urea aqueous solution thus heated is returned to the reducing agent tank.

In a distribution flow path that allows engine coolant to circulate between an exhaust heat recovery unit and an engine, an upstream flow path on the upstream side of the engine and a downstream flow path on the downstream side of the engine are communicated with each other by means of a bypass flow path to thereby form a short flow path with a shorter flow path length than in a case where the engine coolant that has exited the exhaust heat recovery unit passes through the engine. A valve that can adjust the amount of the engine coolant flowing to the bypass flow path and a short flow path pump are disposed.

The present application provides a muffler-heat exchanger (15) for an engine exhaust. The muffler-heat exchanger comprises a chamber (16) having an inlet (17) and an outlet (18) arranged such that during use exhaust gases flow through from the inlet to the outlet through the chamber. The muffler-heat exchanger also has at least one heat exchange baffle (25) disposed in the chamber to recover heat energy from the exhaust gases during use. The at least one heat exchange baffle is configured to reflect acoustic waves in the exhaust gases towards the inlet to generate destructive interference and impede incoming acoustic waves at the inlet. The present application also provides an exhaust system and an engine system.