The present invention provides a plasma generating system that includes: a waveguide; a plasma cavity coupled to the waveguide and configured to generate a plasma therewithin by use of microwave energy; a hollow cylinder protruding from a wall of the waveguide and having a bottom cap that has an aperture; a detection unit for receiving the light emitted by the plasma through the aperture and configured to measure intensities of the light in an ultraviolet (UV) range and an infrared (IR) range; and a controller for controlling the detection unit.

Systems, methods, and apparatus are contemplated in which a tube cell that produces a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is individually configured to minimize the mixing of unwanted byproducts of the generated plasma with an exhaust air stream. The tube cell generates a DBD within a tube cell, such that oxidants or radicals are generated in an environment substantially separated from the exhaust stream. The generated oxidants are directed to intersect with the exhaust stream to minimize the generation of unwanted byproducts. The tube cells are further shaped and arranged in tube cell arrays to alter the flow dynamics of the exhaust stream and the oxidant or radical streams, including mixing of the streams.

A modular plasma treatment system has interchangeable and easily accessible inner and outer electrodes that concentrically nest within an outer housing of one or more plasma reformers. The inner and outer electrodes have self-centering features that allow for blind-fitting of the interchangeable inner and outer electrodes during electrode replacement and maintenance. A plurality of reformers that generate different types of plasmas are preferably arranged serially to allow for a mixture of separate plasmas within the same reaction area and to increase utilization of short-lived radicals.

This disclosure relates generally to an emitter for dissociating exhaust gases on a molecular level into their respective elemental constituents. The emitter includes a palladium plated anode and a cathode, at least a portion of which is palladium plated. When properly powered, the emitters create a non-linear quantum dissonance field to dissociate molecules in exhaust.

Systems, methods, and apparatus are contemplated in which a tube cell that produces a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is individually configured to minimize the mixing of unwanted byproducts of the generated plasma with an exhaust air stream. The tube cell generates a DBD within a tube cell, such that oxidants or radicals are generated in an environment substantially separated from the exhaust stream. The generated oxidants are directed to intersect with the exhaust stream to minimize the generation of unwanted byproducts. The tube cells are further shaped and arranged in tube cell arrays to alter the flow dynamics of the exhaust stream and the oxidant or radical streams, including mixing of the streams.

A device increasing engine efficiency and reducing exhaust and noise, comprising: the liquid catalyst pressured spraying exhaust gas reducing system, the exhaust gas bypass pipe, and the high temperature plasma exhaust gas reducing device, and the three are linked to achieve the effect of: without replacing the catalytic converter, the catalyst carrier can easily remove accumulated dirt and the block on the through holes, reduce the resistance of the exhaust gas, increase the horsepower of the engine, etc., thereby improving the efficiency of the engine and reducing the exhaust gas, so as to achieve degrading pollutants, makes vehicles comply with environmental regulations, and saves maintenance costs.

An engine assembly includes a diesel internal combustion engine and an aftertreatment system coupled to the diesel internal combustion engine. The aftertreatment system includes a diesel oxidation catalyst coupled to the diesel internal combustion engine such that the diesel oxidation catalyst receives exhaust gases from the diesel internal combustion engine. The aftertreatment system includes a plasma generator in fluid communication with the diesel oxidation catalyst, wherein the plasma generator is upstream of the diesel oxidation catalyst and downstream of the diesel internal combustion engine, and the plasma generator is configured to generate oxidizers to at least partially oxidize hydrocarbons in the exhaust gases exiting the diesel internal combustion engine.

A modular plasma treatment system has interchangeable and easily accessible inner and outer electrodes that concentrically nest within an outer housing of one or more plasma reformers. The inner and outer electrodes have self-centering features that allow for blind-fitting of the interchangeable inner and outer electrodes during electrode replacement and maintenance. A plurality of reformers that generate different types of plasmas are preferably arranged serially to allow for a mixture of separate plasmas within the same reaction area and to increase utilization of short-lived radicals.

A plasma selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: an exhaust pipe connected to an engine to communicate exhaust gas; a plasma burner installed in a first bypass line connected to the exhaust pipe, and configured to supply fuel to discharged plasma and form flame; a urea solution injector installed in the first bypass line at a rear side of the plasma burner, and configured to inject a urea solution to exhaust gas heated by the flame and generate ammonia; and an SCR catalyst installed in the exhaust pipe at a rear side of the urea solution injector, and configured to reduce a nitrogen oxide included in the exhaust gas with the ammonia.

An exhaust gas control apparatus includes a dust collection device, an oxidation treatment device, and an ECU. The dust collection device applies a DC voltage between a charging electrode and a counter electrode, and collects particulate matter on an oxidation substrate. The ECU estimates a distribution of a deposition amount of the particulate matter deposited on the oxidation substrate in a flow direction of exhaust gas, based on input information including at least a flow rate of exhaust gas and a mass of particulate matter in exhaust gas, setting information including at least an electric field intensity between the charging electrode and the counter electrode, and history information on the oxidation treatment. The ECU carries out the oxidation treatment when the deposition amount of at least a part of the deposited particulate matter exceeds a threshold.