An exhaust additive distribution arrangement for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine (2) includes an exhaust duct element (14), an exhaust additive injection unit (20), and a primary vaporization element (16); wherein the primary vaporization element (16) is a tubular body arranged in the interior of the exhaust duct element (16), has a predefined space between an inner surface of the exhaust duct element (14) and an outer surface of the primary vaporization element (16), and protrudes from the exhaust duct element (14) at an outlet end; and wherein the exhaust additive injection unit (20) is arranged to inject exhaust additive liquid from a point at the inner surface of the exhaust duct element (14) towards an inner surface of the primary vaporization element (16). The exhaust additive injection unit (20) is of the liquid-only type, and the primary vaporization element (16) has a length that is sufficiently short to allow injected exhaust additive liquid to run off of the outlet end of the primary vaporization element (16). The present invention also concerns an exhaust additive distribution system and a vehicle (1) comprising the exhaust additive distribution arrangement.

An automotive exhaust aftertreatment system includes an onboard ammonium carbamate reactor. The onboard ammonium carbamate reactor is coupled to a diesel emission fluid reservoir also included in the system and is configured to generate aqueous ammonium carbamate solution from diesel emission fluid. A hybrid heating system for use with the ammonium carbamate reactor is provided in this disclosure.

A process for detecting reductant deposits includes accessing data indicative of signal output from a radiofrequency sensor positioned proximate a decomposition reactor tube; comparing the data indicative of signal output from the radiofrequency sensor to a deposit formation threshold; and activating a deposit mitigation process responsive to the data indicative of signal output from the radiofrequency sensor exceeding the deposit formation threshold.

An automotive exhaust aftertreatment system includes an onboard ammonium carbamate reactor. The onboard ammonium carbamate reactor is coupled to a diesel emission fluid reservoir also included in the system and is configured to generate aqueous ammonium carbamate solution from diesel emission fluid. A doser configured to inject the generated aqueous ammonium carbamate solution has integrated heating.

An automotive exhaust aftertreatment system includes an onboard ammonium carbamate reactor. The onboard ammonium carbamate reactor is coupled to a diesel emission fluid reservoir also included in the system and is configured to generate aqueous ammonium carbamate solution from diesel emission fluid. A hybrid heating system for use with the ammonium carbamate reactor is provided in this disclosure.

A multi-stage mixer includes a multi-stage mixer inlet, a multi-stage mixer outlet, a first flow device, and a second flow device. The multi-stage mixer inlet is configured to receive exhaust gas. The multi-stage mixer outlet is configured to provide the exhaust gas to a catalyst. The first flow device is configured to receive the exhaust gas from the multi-stage mixer inlet and to receive reductant such that the reductant is partially mixed with the exhaust gas within the first flow device. The first flow device includes a plurality of main vanes and a plurality of main vane apertures. The plurality of main vane apertures is interspaced between the plurality of main vanes. The plurality of main vane apertures is configured to receive the exhaust gas and to cooperate with the plurality of main vanes to provide the exhaust gas from the first flow device with a swirl flow.

An internal combustion engine, exhaust system, exhaust gas treatment device includes an housing (18) including a housing inlet (34) and a housing outlet (60). An exhaust gas treatment unit (28), in the housing, includes an inlet (32) following the housing inlet and an outlet (38). An SCR catalytic converter device (30), in the housing, includes an SCR catalytic converter device inlet (54) following the exhaust gas treatment unit outlet and an SCR catalytic converter device outlet (56). A reactant releasing device (52) releases reactant upstream of the SCR catalytic converter device inlet. An exhaust gas duct (42), formed in an exhaust gas pipe (44), leads in the housing from the exhaust gas treatment unit outlet to the SCR catalytic converter device inlet, whereby exhaust gas leaving the SCR catalytic converter device at the SCR catalytic converter device outlet flows around the exhaust gas pipe in at least some areas.

An exhaust system for the aftertreatment of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine, having, in series as viewed in a flow direction of the exhaust gas, a catalyst for the oxidation of the exhaust gas and/or a catalyst for storing nitrogen oxides, having an introduction point for the feed of a reducing agent, having an SCR catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides, and having a particle filter, wherein the particle filter is arranged downstream of the SCR catalyst in the flow direction, and a second SCR catalyst and/or an ammonia slippage catalyst is arranged downstream of the particle filter in the flow direction.

Systems for abatement of pollutants in an exhaust gas stream of an internal combustion engine including a hydrogen injection article configured to introduce hydrogen upstream of a catalytic article are effective for the abatement of carbon monoxide and/or hydrocarbons and/or nitrogen oxides. The introduction of hydrogen may be intermittent and/or during a cold-start period.

A system comprises a tank header configured to couple to a reductant tank and a heating mechanism positioned proximate to the tank header. The heating mechanism is configured to heat at least a portion of the tank header. The system may further comprise a conduit configured to pass reductant from the reductant tank and a junction configured to receive reductant from the reductant tank.