Systems, apparatuses, and methods include a controller for an exhaust aftertreatment system including a SCR catalyst in exhaust gas-receiving communication with an engine and at least one reductant dosing system structured to provide reductant to the exhaust gas. The controller is structured to determine a concentration of one or more of NO and NO.sub.2 at or proximate an inlet of the exhaust aftertreatment system and based on a dynamic model of the SCR catalyst, information indicative of a concentration of NOx at or proximate an outlet of the exhaust aftertreatment system, and information indicative of an amount of stored reductant in the SCR catalyst. The controller is further structured to command the at least one reductant doser to increase, decrease, or maintain an amount of reductant provided to the exhaust gas based on the determined concentration of one or more of NO and NO.sub.2 in the exhaust gas.

Disclosed herein are emission treatment systems, articles, and methods for selectively reducing NOx compounds. The systems include a hydrogen generator, a hydrogen selective catalytic reduction (H.sub.2-SCR) article, and one or more of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and/or a lean NOx trap (LNT) and/or a low temperature NOx adsorber (LTNA). Certain articles may comprise a zone coated substrate and/or a layered coated substrate and/or an intermingled coated substrate of one or more of the H.sub.2-SCR and/or DOC and/or LNT and/or LTNA catalytic compositions.

A method for controlling the operation of an engine system in a vehicle. The engine system including an engine and an exhaust aftertreatment system having an SCR catalyst and a DPF. The method includes determining preview information of the vehicle operation based at least on an upcoming road event and an engine operation associated with the upcoming road event; performing, in response of the preview information, at least one of: controlling the operation of the engine system by increasing reductant injection to meet an ammonia storage threshold level; controlling the operation of the engine system by increasing the engine out NOx to reduce the ammonia storage in the SCR catalyst to meet an ammonia slip threshold level in the SCR catalyst; controlling the operation of the engine system by decreasing the engine out NOx to increase the amount of engine out particles to meet a soot threshold level in the DPF.

An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust pipe, and a vane mixer attached to an upstream pipe end of the exhaust pipe and including a fluid injector mount, and a fluid injection side port in the injector mount and fluidly connected to an exhaust passage in the vane mixer. The vane mixer further includes a vane extending across the exhaust passage and dividing the exhaust passage into a major flow area and a minor flow area. The minor flow area is in overlapping angular alignment, circumferentially around a longitudinal exhaust passage axis, with the fluid injection side port.

The present invention provides a catalytic article comprising a) a first layer comprising a nickel component and a copper component supported on a ceria component, wherein the amount of the nickel component is 0.1 to 30 wt. %, calculated as nickel oxide, based on the total weight of the first layer, and wherein the amount of the copper component is 0.01 to 5.0 wt. % calculated as copper oxide, based on the total weight of the first layer; b) a second layer comprising a platinum group metal component supported on at least one of an oxygen storage component, an alumina component and a zirconia component, wherein the platinum group metal component comprises platinum, rhodium, palladium, or any combination thereof, and wherein the amount of the platinum group metal component is 0.01 to 5.0 wt. % based on the total weight of the second layer; and c) a substrate, wherein the first layer and the second layer are separated by a barrier layer or a gap.

An exhaust gas treatment system for an internal combustion engine includes an exhaust gas pathway configured to receive exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine, a first injector configured to selectively introduce a first reductant into the exhaust gas pathway in response to a sensed temperature of the exhaust gas being within a predetermined temperature range, and a first treatment element positioned within the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the first injector. The first treatment element includes a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) layer, a porous filter substrate, and a precious metal catalyst layer. The system also includes a second injector configured to introduce a second reductant into the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the first treatment element and a second treatment element positioned within the exhaust gas pathway downstream of the second injector. The second treatment element includes a SCR element.

A method for controlling an exhaust after-treatment system based on NO.sub.2 medium adjustment includes the following steps: creating a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) reaction map, a diesel particulate filter (DPF) reaction map, and a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction map; obtaining an SCR reaction temperature, desired SCR reaction efficiency, and obtaining NO.sub.2 demand according to the SCR reaction map; obtaining a DPF reaction temperature and differential pressure, and obtaining NO.sub.2 consumption from the DPF reaction map; obtaining NO.sub.2 production, and calculating NO.sub.2 input for SCR; if the NO.sub.2 input is not equal to the NO.sub.2 demand, calculating target NO.sub.2 production, obtaining a target DOC reaction temperature corresponding to the target NO.sub.2 production from the DOC reaction map, and adjusting a fuel injection rate so that the DOC reaction temperature is equal to the target DOC reaction temperature.

A controller controls energization of a filter and a fuel addition valve in an exhaust purifying apparatus. The controller executes a filter regeneration process when an electrical resistance value between two electrodes fixed to an outer surface of the filter is less than a predetermined regeneration determination value. The controller executes a soot burning process when the electrical resistance value is greater than or equal to the regeneration determination value and less than a soot burning determination value, which is set in advance to be larger than the regeneration determination value.

The invention provides an emission control system for treatment of an exhaust gas stream of an engine, including an engine producing an exhaust gas stream; an SCR catalyst unit downstream from the engine and in fluid communication with the exhaust gas stream; and an ammonia generation system comprising a reservoir containing ammonium hydroxide and an ammonia injector, wherein the reservoir is in fluid communication with the ammonia injector and the ammonia injector is in fluid communication with the exhaust gas stream upstream of the SCR catalyst unit. A method of treating an exhaust gas stream of an engine is also provided, including the steps of heating ammonium hydroxide to produce gaseous ammonia and transferring the gaseous ammonia through an ammonia injector into the exhaust gas stream such that the gaseous ammonia disperses within the exhaust gas stream upstream of a SCR catalyst unit.

The invention relates to method for operating an internal combustion engine that has at least two combustion chambers, of which at least one is operated at a substoichiometric air-fuel ratio and of which at least another is operated at a superstoichiometric air-fuel ratio. The outlet of the internal combustion engine is connected to an exhaust gas system in which a three-way catalytic converter is arranged in the flow direction of an exhaust gas through an exhaust gas channel, and an exhaust gas heat-recovery device is arranged downstream from the three-way catalytic converter. It is provided for the unburned fuel components of the combustion chamber that is operated at a substoichiometric air-fuel ratio to be exothermally reacted with the residual oxygen from the combustion chamber that is operated at a superstoichiometric air-fuel ratio on the three-way catalytic converter, whereby the exhaust gas temperature is raised so that the exhaust gas heat-recovery device can recover a portion of the exhaust gas enthalpy downstream from the three-way catalytic converter.