A conduit connection assembly includes a first conduit component having a first mating structure and a second conduit component having a second mating structure adapted to be mated with the first mating structure. A sealing arrangement is provided for sealing between the mating structures. The sealing arrangement includes at least two spaced sealing members defining an intermediate space and the assembly includes a pressure relief opening arranged in communication with the intermediate space between the two spaced sealing members.

Catalyzed particulate filters comprise three-way conversion (TWC) catalytic material that permeates walls of a particulate filter such that the catalyzed particulate filter has a coated porosity that is less than an uncoated porosity of the particulate filter. The coated porosity is linearly proportional to a washcoat loading of the TWC catalytic material. A coated backpressure is non-detrimental to performance of the engine. Such catalyzed particulate filters may be used in an emission treatment system downstream of a gasoline direct injection engine for treatment of an exhaust stream comprising hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulates.

An engine system comprises a two stroke engine, an exhaust manifold, a tuned pipe coupled to the exhaust manifold and a turbocharger coupled to the engine. The turbocharger comprises a turbine inlet coupled to the exhaust manifold through the tuned pipe, and a turbine outlet coupled to an exhaust pipe. A silencer is coupled to the exhaust pipe. A bypass pipe has a first end coupled to the tuned pipe and a second end bypassing the turbine outlet and a wastegate disposed in the bypass pipe.

An adaptive valve assembly includes a pipe defining a passageway for conducting engine exhaust gases, a pivot shaft supported by the pipe, and a valve body coupled to the pivot shaft. The valve body is moveable between an open position where exhaust gas flow through the passageway is increased and a closed position where exhaust gas flow through the passageway is reduced. A spring biases the valve body toward the closed position. The spring includes a plurality of coils that have torsional displacement relative to each other as the valve body moves between the open and closed positions. A torsional damper feature is associated with at least one coil of the plurality of coils to provide torsional spring damping.

A nozzle including a first channel, a second channel annularly disposed around the first channel, and a plurality of third channels fluidly connected to the second channel. The nozzle includes an interior cavity having a first inlet fluidly connected to the first channel and a plurality of second inlets. Individual second inlets of the plurality of second inlets fluidly connect to individual third channels of the plurality of third channels. The interior cavity includes an outlet and an impinging surface located opposite the first inlet.

The present disclosure provides a method for molding a pipe body that can inexpensively mold a pipe body having a tapered portion radially outwardly projecting relative to a large-diameter portion. The method for molding a pipe body comprises: molding of a tubular body by bending an unfolded stock so as to wrap a core metal; and removal of the core metal from inside the tubular body. The core metal comprises a first core metal piece for molding a projecting portion of the tapered portion. During the molding of the tubular body, the first core metal piece at least partly abuts on an inner surface of the projecting portion of the tapered portion, and does not abut on an area of the inner surface of the large-diameter portion located in an opposite side of a central axis of the large-diameter portion from the projecting portion.

An exhaust system for an internal combustion automotive engine, such as a V engine or boxer engine, includes a left exhaust tract connectable to a left group of cylinders and a right exhaust tract connectable to a right group of cylinders. Each exhaust tract includes a tract structure defining a tract inlet for receiving exhaust gas ejected from the group of cylinders to which the exhaust tract is connectable, at least one exhaust outlet opening into the atmosphere, and a connection pipe extending between the tract inlet and the exhaust outlet. The connection pipe includes an inlet aperture for receiving exhaust gas from the tract inlet and an outlet aperture for transferring exhaust gas towards the exhaust opening. The left and the right connection pipes are joined to realize a pipe junction such that the connection pipes form a common connection aperture for transferring exhaust gas and the exhaust system includes at least one valve member for opening or closing the common connection aperture.

The present invention relates to a vertical take-off and landing method and apparatus for an automobile, capable of vertically taking off and landing an automobile using the exhaust gas generated during operation of an engine in the automobile, which consists of an internal combustion engine. The vertical take-off and landing apparatus S for an automobile includes: a branched pipe 20 connected to an engine of an automobile that consists of a 4-stroke internal combustion engine and enables the exhaust gas generated during operation of the engine 50 to be ventilated to mufflers 10, each of which is installed at one side of each of four corners of the automobile; the muffler 10 connected to the branched pipe 20 and installed at one side of each of the four corners of the automobile, which has an outlet 11 in a direction of the ground so as to discharge the exhaust gas in the ground direction; plural pressure control means 30, each of which is provided between the muffler 10 and the branched pipe 20, so that the exhaust gas discharged to each of the mufflers 10 maintains the same pressure during take-off and landing of the automobile, and enables the pressure of the exhaust gas to be differentially applied at the time of changing directions; and a controller 60 consisting of a vertical take-off and landing lever 61 and a direction-switching lever 62, which is connected to the pressure control means 30 by signals to control the operation of the pressure control means 30 and, at the same time, is operated only when a gear of the automobile is in the neutral (N) state.

Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engines require gasoline particulate filters (GPFs) as a key component of the emissions control system to reduce particulate emissions. GPFs are known to have poor initial performance, with performance increasing after the filter develops a cake. This poor initial performance make it impossible to accurately assess vehicle emissions performance at the mileage requirements for vehicle certification. Compositions and methods are disclosed to improve filtration efficiency in a fresh or low mileage GPF.

In an engine exhaust control valve of a saddle-riding vehicle in which an engine exhaust pipe has a main pipe portion and a branch pipe portion which are connected to an exhaust muffler at downstream sides thereof, a branching portion is provided at which the branch pipe portion is branched sideward from the main pipe portion, and a full-open to full-closed control of the main pipe portion at a downstream side of the branching portion is performed. The exhaust control valve includes: a valve shaft disposed in an intersecting manner with a center line of the main pipe portion; a valve plate mounted on the valve shaft and rotatably positioned within an inner peripheral surface of the main pipe portion; a valve rotational drive portion mounted on one shaft end of the valve shaft; a drive motor for driving the valve rotational drive portion; and a control unit for controlling the drive motor. Protruding portions, with which outer peripheral edges, of the valve plate are brought into contact at a rotational limit of the valve plate in a closing direction are formed on an inner peripheral surface of the main pipe portion. The above structure provides a high degree of sealing.