An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine, and methods of using, the system comprising a hydrocarbon trap; and a gasoline particulate filter, located downstream from the hydrocarbon trap.

An exhaust muffler includes a first muffler section connected to an exhaust pipe and a second muffler section connected to the first muffler section. Exhaust gases delivered from the exhaust pipe are discharged from the first muffler section and the second muffler section out of the exhaust muffler. The first muffler section includes a tubular member made up of an inner pipe to which the exhaust pipe is connected and an outer pipe covering the inner pipe, and a connector connecting the tubular member and the second muffler section to each other. The first muffler section has a first expansion chamber defined therein between the inner pipe and the outer pipe. The inner pipe houses therein a valve for changing an amount of exhaust gases passing through the inner pipe. The first muffler section includes a curved portion that is curved vertically as viewed in side elevation of the vehicle. The exhaust muffler has a second expansion chamber defined in the second muffler section rearward and upward of the first muffler section, the second expansion chamber having a cross-sectional area larger than a cross-sectional area of the first expansion chamber. There is thus provided an exhaust device for an internal combustion engine, which includes a muffler compact in a longitudinal direction thereof.

A vehicle underbody structure includes a catalyst disposed in a front portion of an exhaust pipe; a cover member for covering the catalyst from above; and a heat insulator disposed inside a tunnel portion behind the catalyst and configured to cover the exhaust pipe from above. The heat insulator is disposed away from the tunnel portion by a predetermined gap in an up-down direction. A front portion of the heat insulator and a rear portion of the cover member are disposed in such a way as to overlap each other. A front end of the heat insulator is disposed on the upper side with respect to a rear end of the cover member.

An acoustic attenuator for damping pressure vibrations in an exhaust system of an engine, the acoustic attenuator having a body which is provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet at opposite ends thereof, and a gas passage duct arranged between the inlet and the outlet inside the body, where in the body encloses a first resonator chamber and a second resonator chamber. The body is provided with a common inlet communicating with the first and the second resonator chambers, and the resonator chambers are arranged to extend from the common inlet towards the opposite ends of the body.

An engine device of this invention includes including a post-treatment device, provided in an exhaust passage of an engine, for purifying an exhaust gas from the engine. As the post-treatment device, a three-way catalyst is used. The engine device further includes a filter case including a filter body for catching deposits in the exhaust gas. The filter case is disposed, in a replaceable manner, upstream of the post-treatment device in the exhaust passage.

A multi-stage reconfigurable air intake and exhaust system for a piston engine having first and second rows of cylinders forming a V configuration. The system includes plural stage packages having inter-related components that can be connected and changed to form different air intake and exhaust gas configurations. There is particularly provided a Stage 1 package with first and second exhaust manifolds adapted to be respectively secured to the first and second rows of cylinders, and a Stage 2 package with a turbo exhaust manifold adapted for mounting a turbocharger, and also adapted to be secured to the first row of cylinders in lieu of the first exhaust manifold, and a crossover pipe assembly adapted for coupling the turbo exhaust manifold to the second exhaust manifold.

A close-coupled catalytic article, and its use in an exhaust system for internal combustion engines, is disclosed. The close-coupled catalytic article for the treatment of an exhaust gas comprising: an upstream substrate and a downstream substrate, wherein the upstream substrate is spaced apart from the downstream substrate, wherein the upstream substrate comprises a first three-way catalyst (TWC) composition and the downstream substrate comprises a second TWC composition, the first and second TWC compositions each comprising an oxygen storage component (OSC), wherein a loading of the OSC in the downstream substrate is greater than a loading of the OSC in the upstream substrate and is at least 2.2 g/in.sup.3.

An exhaust system device (1) for a vehicle (100) comprises an exhaust purification device (18) and a first exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) cooler (24). The exhaust purification device (18) is disposed with a central axis of a downstream-side end inclined downwardly toward a rear side of the vehicle (100). The EGR cooler (24) is provided so as to introduce exhaust from a downstream side of the exhaust purification device (18), is adjacent to the exhaust purification device (18) and fixed to the exhaust purification device (18), and is disposed such that a central axis of the EGR cooler (24) is inclined downwardly toward the rear side of the vehicle.

An exhaust system for an off road vehicle includes a main intake pipe running in a generally longitudinal direction on the vehicle, receiving gasses from a first intake pipe for a forward cylinder and from a second intake pipe for a rearward cylinder of an mid-mounted internal combustion engine. A catalytic converter receives gasses from the main intake pipe. Instead of being mounted longitudinally, the catalytic converter extends in a transverse direction, at the rearward end of the exhaust system, behind the axis of the rear wheels. A muffler, located over the axis of the rear wheels, also extends in a transverse direction and receives gasses from the catalytic converter. The muffler outputs the gasses through a tailpipe, which is preferably above and extends wider than the main intake pipe.

A fuel injection control system may include a variable exhaust valve mechanism configured to primarily open an exhaust valve directly before an intake stroke in which an intake valve is opened and to secondarily open the exhaust valve during the intake stroke such that valve overlap occurs; an exhaust injector provided at an exhaust side to inject fuel; and a controller for controlling the exhaust injector such that fuel is injected through the exhaust injector before the exhaust valve is opened secondarily before or during the intake stroke.