A muffler for receiving exhaust gas from a combustion engine may include a shell, an inlet pipe, at least one outlet pipe, one or more baffles, and an internal communication pipe. The inlet pipe may extend through the shell. The outlet pipe may be in fluid communication with the inlet pipe and may be at least partially disposed within the shell. The baffles are disposed within the shell and cooperate with the shell to define a plurality of chambers. The internal communication pipe may be disposed entirely within the shell and may be in fluid communication with the inlet pipe. The internal communication pipe may include an inlet opening and first and outlet openings. The first outlet opening is open to and in direct fluid communication with one of the chambers. The second outlet opening is open to and in direct fluid communication with another one of the chambers.

There is provided a muffler structure of a saddle-type vehicle. The muffler structure is disposed at a downstream side of an exhaust pipe extending from an exhaust port of a cylinder head. A pipe is connected to the exhaust pipe and inserted into a muffler main body. The muffler main body includes a cylindrical portion and a reduced diameter portion joined to a downstream side end portion of the cylindrical portion and having a diameter reduced toward the downstream side thereof. The pipe includes a center pipe passing through the cylindrical portion, and a tail pipe disposed in the reduced diameter portion. An expansion chamber is formed by a space in the reduced diameter portion in the vicinity of the tail pipe.

A motor vehicle fluid line for conducting at least one fluid medium, in particular for conducting urea solutions for SCR catalytic converter systems, at least one fluid-carrying pipe and at least one fluid-carrying connector that is connected to the pipe being provided. The pipe comprises a fluid-carrying outer line and a fluid-carrying inner line that is received in the outer line over at least part of its length L. The connector comprises a first connecting branch that is in fluid communication with the outer line, and comprises a second connecting branch that is in fluid communication with the inner line.

A tubular heat exchanger, with a thermoelectric power generation function, includes: a thermoelectric power generation module 2 mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the heat exhaust tube 1; and a cooling pipe 3 mounted on an outer circumferential surface of the thermoelectric power generation module 2. The cooling pipe 3 is for allowing a cooling material to flow therethrough. The thermoelectric power generation module 2 performs thermoelectric power generation by using the outer circumferential surface of the heat exhaust tube 1 as a high-temperature source and using the inner circumferential surface of the cooling pipe 3 as a low-temperature source. The cooling pipe 3 is in tight attachment to the outer circumferential surface of the thermoelectric power generation module 2.

An exhaust pipe includes a tubular portion and a space forming portion. The tubular portion forms an exhaust flow path in an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. The tubular portion has a tubular shape. The space forming portion is provided along at least one of an inner surface and an outer surface of the tubular portion and forms at least one branch space between the space forming portion and the tubular portion. The at least one branch space communicates with the exhaust flow path and has a function as a side-branch muffler. The at least one branch space includes a space with a length that is one third or more of an entire length of the exhaust system.

An exhaust gas treatment system capable of purifying exhaust gas containing moisture includes superheated steam generating pipes (20, 40) and a housing (10). The superheated steam generating pipe (20, 40) is formed of a material capable of generating heat by energization, and has a flow path (200, 400) through which exhaust gas can flow, and moisture contained in the exhaust gas flowing through the flow path is converted into superheated steam by the heat. The housing (10) is provided to accommodate the superheated steam generating pipe, is formed to allow the exhaust gas before being introduced into the flow path to flow therethrough and can preheat the exhaust gas by the heat of the superheated steam generating pipe.

A catalytic converter for an internal combustion engine has a housing (2) and a catalyst element (12) formed in the housing (2). The housing (2) is formed such that exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine can flow through the housing (2). The catalyst element (12) is formed such that fluid can flow around and through it. Additionally, the catalyst element (12) has a plurality of ribs (15) on its surface (14) that faces the exhaust gas.

A muffler unit includes: an inner cylinder connected with a first exhaust pipe; a first outlet pipe that is connected with a downstream end of the inner cylinder and through which exhaust gas is discharged; an outer cylinder that houses thereinside the inner cylinder and defines, between the outer cylinder and an outer surface of the inner cylinder, an expansion chamber communicating with the second exhaust pipe; and a second outlet pipe that houses thereinside the first outlet pipe and defines, between the second outlet pipe and an outer surface of the first outlet pipe, a path connected with the expansion chamber to thereby be used for discharging the exhaust gas. Accordingly, there is provided the muffler unit having a size reduced compared with a configuration including two mufflers disposed in parallel with each other.

An exhaust muffler for an APU of an aircraft, including an exhaust gases inlet, an exhaust gases outlet, a peripheral wall configured to guide a flow of exhaust gases between the inlet and the outlet. The peripheral wall includes at least one vacuum chamber to provide thermal insulation.

A substantially metal-free exhaust subsystem includes an exterior housing formed of polymer; and a pipe formed of a layered fibers formed at least partially of glass, and bound by an inorganic binder. The fibers may be glass or ceramic, and may define micro-pores on the interior of the pipe that aid in absorbing acoustic energy, and thereby attenuating exhaust noise.