A control apparatus and a control method for an internal combustion engine of the present invention integrates an operating time in a state in which temperature TCAT of an exhaust gas purification catalyst is lower than a first temperature, to obtain first integrated time IT1, senses oxygen storage capacity OSC of the exhaust gas purification catalyst, and has a regeneration treatment of sulfur poisoning carried out when first integrated time IT1 exceeds first time THT1 and oxygen storage capacity OSC falls below first capacity OSC1, and furthermore, integrates an operating time in a state in which temperature TCAT of the exhaust gas purification catalyst is higher than second temperature TCAT2, to obtain second integrated time IT2, and has a regeneration treatment of oxidation poisoning carried out when second integrated time IT2 exceeds second time THT2.

Various embodiments may include a method for regenerating a particle filter comprising: increasing a measured exhaust-gas temperature from a normal operation level to above a desorption start temperature defined by initiating release of sulfur compounds accumulated in the particle filter; monitoring a particle mass in the exhaust-gas flow downstream of the particle filter; comparing the particle mass to a predefined threshold value above which the formation of white smoke can be expected; if the threshold value is exceeded, setting the exhaust-gas temperature to a desorption temperature for release of sulfur compounds until the particle mass falls below the threshold; if the particle mass threshold value is not exceeded, setting the exhaust-gas temperature to a regeneration temperature for burning-off of the particle loading of the particle filter for a predetermined time period; and after the time period has elapsed, ending the regeneration by lowering the temperature to the normal operation level.

Method for removal of soot, ash and metals or metal compounds, together with removal of NOx and SOx being present in process off-gasses or engine exhaust gasses.

An SOx index acquisition apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a sensor cell, a voltage source. The sensor cell includes a solid electrolyte and a pair of electrodes disposed so as to sandwich the solid electrolyte. The voltage source applies a voltage to the sensor cell. The apparatus acquires a resistance value of the sensor cell as a sensor resistance, decreases an applied voltage, which is a voltage that is applied to the sensor cell, from a predetermined voltage, acquires a current that passes through the sensor cell while the applied voltage is being decreased from the predetermined voltage, as an SOx sensor current, acquires a base SOx concentration, which correlates with an SOx concentration in exhaust gas, based on parameters including the SOx sensor current, and acquires the SOx concentration as an SOx index by correcting the base SOx concentration based on the sensor resistance.

An ECU 30 calculates a target temperature of a bed temperature of a DOC 22a under PM regeneration control at each control period by the elements M1 to M9. Among these elements, the estimating section M7 estimates a passing SO.sub.3 amount at each control period by using an inflow SOx amount and a representative temperature. The estimating section M8 estimates a SO.sub.2 reduction rate, which is a ratio of reduction from SO.sub.3 to SO.sub.2 in the DOC 22a. Then, the calculating unit M9 calculates an amount of SO.sub.3 that is allowed to desorb from the DOC 22a as an allowable desorption SO.sub.3 amount at each control period, by using a constrained SO.sub.3 amount which corresponds to a constraint concerning sulfate white smoke, the passing SO.sub.3 amount, and the SO.sub.2 reduction rate.

An integrated system for onboard scrubbing of a marine exhaust gas on a ship, comprising: a) a Venturi quencher having: i) two liquid inlets that feed quench water to the Venturi quencher; and ii) a hot exhaust gas entry that feeds the hot marine exhaust gas from an engine on the ship; and b) the rotating packed bed device, having: iii) a stationary gas distributor, placed along an outer circumference of the RPB device, that disengages a quenched marine exhaust gas from a cooled two-phase mixture, and uniformly distributes the quenched marine exhaust gas along the outer circumference of the RPB device; and iv) a stationary liquid distributor, centrally positioned, and with multiple liquid rings that are fitted with spray nozzles that spray a seawater along an inner circumference of the RPB device. Also, processes for using the integrated system, and a ship comprising the integrated system.

An aftertreatment system comprises a SCR system including a catalyst formulated to decompose constituents of an exhaust gas passing therethrough. A filter is positioned upstream of the SCR system. The filter comprises a sulfur suppressing compound formulated to reduce an amount of SOx gases included in the exhaust gas flowing through the aftertreatment system. In particular embodiments, the filter comprises a filter housing and a filter element positioned within the filter housing. The filter element comprises the sulfur suppressing compound.

The present invention relates to an apparatus for reducing greenhouse gas emission in a vessel cooperated with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and intelligent control by exhaust recycling (iCER), and a vessel including the same, in which EGR and iCER are combined so that NO.sub.x generation is reduced by EGR and CO.sub.2 and SO.sub.x are absorbed and converted into materials that do not affect environments, thereby preventing corrosion of an engine, improving combustion quality, increasing engine efficiency by iCER, and reducing methane slip.

Gas treatment systems and processes for reducing tail gas emissions such as SO.sub.2, SO.sub.3, H.sub.2SO.sub.4, NOx, HC, CO, and other pollutants are provided. The processes include transferring tail gas from at least one source of tail gas to at least one destination sulphuric acid plant via a tail gas transfer system, wherein the tail gas replaces or supplements one or more of the combustion gas, air feed, dilution gas, and quench gas used by the destination sulphuric acid plant. The systems include at least one destination sulphuric acid plant and a tail gas transfer system for transferring tail gas from at least one source of tail gas to the at least one destination sulphuric acid plant. The systems and processes described herein may be used to eliminate start-up emissions and/or convert sulphur-containing species present in tail gas emissions into commercial H.sub.2SO.sub.4.

An exhaust gas post treatment system for an internal combustion engine, in particular a heavy fuel oil-powered engine, including an SCR catalyst, using ammonia as a reducing agent for the denitration of the exhaust gas, and a device positioned upstream of the SCR catalyst by which ammonia or an ammonia precursor substance, which is converted to ammonia, is introduced upstream of the SCR catalyst. Downstream of the SCR catalyst an exhaust gas scrubber is positioned, by which excess ammonia, contained in the exhaust gas leaving the SCR catalyst, together with sulfur oxides, can be scrubbed out of the exhaust gas forming ammonium salts while maintaining a pH value of approximately 6. For the control thereof, a bypass around the SCR catalyst can be provided as a westgate, or comprising an additional SCR catalyst.