A method of operating an engine includes igniting a combustible mixture in a combustion chamber of the engine, which produces exhaust gases. The exhaust gases are ejected into an exhaust manifold of the engine to create a primary exhaust stream. A portion of the exhaust gases is separated from the primary exhaust stream to create a secondary exhaust stream. Air and fuel are then mixed with the secondary exhaust stream to form a reformer feed mixture. The reformer feed mixture is reacted in a catalytic reformer to create a reformate exhaust stream, which is then mixed with an intake air stream to create a mixed air stream. The mixed air stream is the fed to the combustion chamber of the engine as the combustible mixture.

A controller for controlling operation of an aftertreatment system that is configured to treat constituents of an exhaust gas produced by an engine, the aftertreatment system including a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst, the controller configured to: generate a short-term cumulative degradation estimate of the SCR catalyst corresponding to reversible degradation of the SCR catalyst due to sulfur and/or hydrocarbons based on a SCR catalyst temperature parameter; generate a long-term cumulative degradation estimate of the SCR catalyst corresponding to thermal aging of the SCR catalyst based on the SCR catalyst temperature parameter; generate a combined degradation estimate of the SCR catalyst based on the short-term cumulative degradation estimate and the long-term cumulative degradation estimate; and adjust an amount of reductant and/or an amount of hydrocarbons inserted into the aftertreatment system based on the combined degradation estimate of the SCR catalyst.

A vehicle 100 comprises a fuel tank for storing fuel, a fueling port for supplying the fuel tank with fuel, a CO.sub.2 recovery device configured to recover CO.sub.2, a CO.sub.2 collection port for collecting CO.sub.2 from the CO.sub.2 recovery device, and a single openable lid configured to cover both the fueling port and the CO.sub.2 collection port.

A diesel engine system includes an engine, an exhaust system connected to the engine, and a water-fuel separator. The exhaust system has an aftertreatment device, an exhaust pipe upstream of the aftertreatment device, and a fuel injector connected to the exhaust pipe. The water-fuel separator has a filter configured to separate water from fuel and a reservoir configured to store the separated water. The reservoir is in fluid communication with the fuel injector.

An aftertreatment system for treating an exhaust gas comprises an exhaust conduit, a preheating oxidation catalyst, a primary oxidation catalyst disposed downstream of the preheating oxidation catalyst, and a selective catalytic reduction system disposed in the exhaust conduit downstream of the primary oxidation catalyst. A controller is configured to determine a temperature of an exhaust gas at an inlet of the selective catalytic reduction system. In response to the temperature being below a threshold temperature, the controller generates a hydrocarbon insertion signal configured to cause hydrocarbons to be inserted into or upstream of the preheating oxidation catalyst so as to increase a temperature of the exhaust gas to above the threshold temperature.

A method for exhaust gas aftertreatment is provided, the method comprising: a) providing a nitrogen oxide-containing raw exhaust gas, b) introducing the nitrogen oxide-containing raw exhaust gas into a catalytic evaporator (1), c) introducing a urea solution and a fuel into the catalytic evaporator (1), as a result of which a reducing agent is obtained, and d) supplying the reducing agent to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system (8). Alternatively or in addition, a device for producing a reducing agent may be provided, a reducing agent produced with same, and the use of these objects.

A vehicle system includes a diesel oxidation catalyst. The vehicle system includes a hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reduction unit located downstream of the diesel oxidation catalyst. The hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reduction unit is configured to receive exhaust gas from the diesel oxidation catalyst. The vehicle system includes a turbocharger located downstream of the hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reduction unit. The turbocharger is configured to receive exhaust gas from the hydrocarbon-selective catalytic reduction unit.

A method for exhaust gas aftertreatment is provided, the method comprising: a) providing a nitrogen oxide-containing raw exhaust gas, b) introducing the nitrogen oxide-containing raw exhaust gas into a catalytic evaporator (1), c) introducing a urea solution and a fuel into the catalytic evaporator (1), as a result of which a reducing agent is obtained, and d) supplying the reducing agent to an exhaust gas aftertreatment system (8). Alternatively or in addition, a device for producing a reducing agent may be provided, a reducing agent produced with same, and the use of these objects.

A fluid atomizer with helical inlet channel which is used to atomize the fluid and convert the same into a spray of droplets, contains fluid inlet which are two independent chambers through which the flow passes and swirl chamber, transforms the fluid into spray dispersion by atomizing the same after the fluid is collected in the center after centrally coming fluid is dispersed by forming a swirl.

A method to control a burner for an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas after-treatment system including at least one catalytic converter. The method provides the steps of calculating the thermal power needed to reach the nominal operating temperature of the at least one catalytic converter and determining an actual number of revolutions with which to operate a fresh air pumping device based on the sum of a nominal number of revolutions, a closed-loop contribution of the number of revolutions with which to operate the fresh air pumping device, and a further contribution of the number of revolutions with which to operate the fresh air pumping device in order to ensure optimal thermal power exiting the burner.