A flow manifold system for injecting a first gas into a second gas, such as, for example, a system for injecting ammonia gas into the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine. The first gas may be supplied to the system by one or more cartridges. The system may also include a control valve that is configured to control the delivery of the first gas to the least one critical flow orifice. The critical flow orifice is configured to allow for a relatively constant volumetric flow of the first gas through the critical flow orifice when the first gas attains a critical flow. Such critical flow may allow for an accurate estimation of the flow of the first gas through the critical orifice, and subsequently to the second gas, without the use of a flow sensor.

In an exhaust gas purification apparatus provided in an exhaust as path of an engine, it is an object of the present invention to shorten a pipe length of a bypass path bypassing a purification catalyst as short as possible, thereby reducing initial costs. The exhaust gas purification apparatus includes a purification casing in which at least the purification catalyst is accommodated. The purification catalyst purifies exhaust gas from the engine. The purification casing is integrally provided with the bypass path separately from the purification path in which the purification catalyst exists. The bypass path makes the exhaust gas bypasses the purification catalyst without passing through the purification catalyst.

There is disclosed method and systems for charging a depleted or spent solid storage media with gaseous ammonia.

The disclosure relates to a fuel supply device for supplying a fuel to an internal combustion engine comprising: a fuel store for storing a primary fuel; and at least two parallel fuel supply paths that are connected to the fuel store, on the one hand, and to the internal combustion engine, on the other hand, wherein the primary fuel can be supplied from the fuel store to the internal combustion engine by means of the first fuel supply path for the purpose of combustion, and the second fuel supply path has at least one reforming device that reforms the primary fuel supplied from the fuel tank into a secondary fuel, and to supply at least a portion of the produced secondary fuel to the internal combustion engine for the purpose of combustion.

Reductant delivery systems are disclosed that include a dry reductant source and a liquid reductant source which are operable to selectively provide gaseous reductant and liquid reductant to an exhaust aftertreatment system for treatment and reduction of NOx emissions. The gaseous reductant is provided to the exhaust aftertreatment system for treatment of NOx emissions under a first temperature condition associated with the exhaust system and the liquid reductant for treatment of NOx emissions under a second temperature condition associated with the exhaust system.

An exhaust gas treatment system, comprising an ozone purification system. The ozone purification system comprises an ozone amount control apparatus (209), used to control an amount of ozone so as to effectively oxidize gas components to be treated in exhaust gas, the ozone amount control apparatus (209) comprising a control unit (2091). By means of the present exhaust gas treatment system, particulate matter can be effectively removed from exhaust gas, and the system features a better exhaust gas purification treatment effect.

The device for injecting a fluid into an exhaust pipe comprises a fluid reservoir, an enclosure delimiting a fluid heating chamber, and a first injection system configured to inject the fluid from the reservoir into the heating chamber. At least one heating element extends at least partially into the heating chamber and is intended to be in contact with the fluid, with the at least one heating element being configured to heat the fluid. A second injection system is configured to inject the heated fluid from the heating chamber into the exhaust pipe.

An exhaust gas treatment system to be fitted on a chassis of an automotive vehicle. The system includes a selective catalytic reduction device and a gaseous fluid supplying device. The gaseous fluid supplying device includes a tank containing a material which is capable of retaining gaseous fluid by absorption and/or adsorption and/or formation of chemical complexes, and of releasing previously retained gaseous fluid. The gaseous fluid supplying device further includes a gaseous fluid delivery system capable of causing the release of gaseous fluid by the material and an injection system for injecting gaseous fluid upstream from the selective catalytic reduction device. Additionally the system may include a particulate filtering device. The particulate filtering device, the selective catalytic reduction device and the gaseous fluid supplying device are arranged within a same frame which includes fastening means for fastening the frame to the vehicle chassis.

The present invention is directed at the integration of a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) into the exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine aided by the upstream injection of a fuel, such as a hydrocarbon fuel. The internal combustion engine may be advantageously operated in a lean condition while the SOFC receives the hydrocarbon fuel to promote and maintain optimized fuel cell operation.

An engine emission treatment system incudes at least one out of an air inlet dust removal system (101), a tail gas dust removal system (102), and a tail gas ozone purification system. The tail gas dust removal system (102) has an inlet of the tail gas dust removal system, an outlet of the tail gas dust removal system, and a tail gas electric field device (1021). The tail gas ozone purification system has a reaction field (202), used for mixing an ozone stream and a tail gas stream for reaction. The engine emission treatment system may effectively treat engine emissions, so as to make the engine emissions cleaner.