A crankcase includes: at least one cylinder for an internal combustion engine, the cylinder including: a cylinder interior; a cylinder liner which is arranged within the cylinder interior; a cylinder head which closes the cylinder interior, wherein the cylinder head includes a receiving way; a cooling system which guides a coolant flow and has a cooling chamber; a distribution system to separate the coolant flow into a primary partial flow and at least one secondary partial flow, the distribution system including a main channel for the primary partial flow and at least one branch-off passage for the at least one secondary partial flow, the at least one branch-off passage branching off from the main channel and being arranged transversely to the main channel for the at least one secondary partial flow.

A cylinder head includes: an exhaust port configured to lead out exhaust gas from combustion chamber; an intake port configured to introduce fresh air into the combustion chamber; and an EGR gas passage in which EGR gas flows, wherein exhaust outlets of the exhaust port and an EGR gas inlet of the second EGR pipe are located on a first side of the cylinder head and, and a fresh air inlet communicated to the intake port and an EGR gas outlet of the EGR gas passage are located on a second side which is opposite from the first side.

A cylinder head includes: an exhaust port configured to lead out exhaust gas from combustion chamber; an intake port configured to introduce fresh air into the combustion chamber; and an EGR gas passage in which EGR gas flows, wherein exhaust outlets of the exhaust port and an EGR gas inlet of the second EGR pipe are located on a first side of the cylinder head and, and a fresh air inlet communicated to the intake port and an EGR gas outlet of the EGR gas passage are located on a second side which is opposite from the first side.

An engine system in which blow-by gas with a specific gravity less than 1 with reference to air is generatable includes a cylinder block. The cylinder block includes a cylinder and a crank chamber which are arranged in an up/down direction, the crank chamber being positioned below the cylinder. An internal peripheral face of the cylinder block has a ventilation port that connects to a ventilation passage that connects an internal space of the crank chamber with an external space out of the cylinder block, and that is open. The ventilation port is placed above a center in the up/down direction in the crank chamber.

An engine system in which blow-by gas with a specific gravity less than 1 with reference to air is generatable includes a cylinder block. The cylinder block includes a cylinder and a crank chamber which are arranged in an up/down direction, the crank chamber being positioned below the cylinder. An internal peripheral face of the cylinder block has a ventilation port that connects to a ventilation passage that connects an internal space of the crank chamber with an external space out of the cylinder block, and that is open. The ventilation port is placed above a center in the up/down direction in the crank chamber.

A Stirling engine including a crosshead mechanism includes a low-pressure space and a high-pressure space. In the high-pressure space, a piston is driven by a heating/cooling cycle of a working fluid. The low-pressure space accommodates a crosshead portion connected to the piston via a piston rod, and a crank mechanism that rotates a crankshaft along with movement of the crosshead portion. A high-pressure gas seal in which a lip angle of a seal lip on the high-pressure side is smaller than that on the low-pressure side is provided around the piston rod at a partition between the low-pressure space and the high-pressure space.

A Stirling engine including a crosshead mechanism includes a low-pressure space and a high-pressure space. In the high-pressure space, a piston is driven by a heating/cooling cycle of a working fluid. The low-pressure space accommodates a crosshead portion connected to the piston via a piston rod, and a crank mechanism that rotates a crankshaft along with movement of the crosshead portion. A high-pressure gas seal in which a lip angle of a seal lip on the high-pressure side is smaller than that on the low-pressure side is provided around the piston rod at a partition between the low-pressure space and the high-pressure space.

Methods and systems are provided for a cooling arrangement. In one example, a system comprises a separator arranged in a block coolant jacket. The separator fluidly separates an upper portion of the block coolant jacket from a lower portion of the block coolant jacket.

A control method for an engine coolant valve includes: monitoring an engine driving condition and an engine driving environment; predicting, by a controller, degradation of an engine coolant based on the engine driving condition and the engine driving environment by a controller; changing, by the controller, an opening of an integrated flow control valve when the engine coolant is predicted to be degraded; and generating, by the controller, a coolant exchange alarm when the engine coolant is predicted to be out of a control range and degraded.

An engine cooling device includes a heater circulation passage including an exhaust-side channel and a heater channel, the exhaust-side channel extending through an exhaust port-side portion of a cylinder head, the heater channel extending through a heater core; an auxiliary device circulation passage including a main channel and an auxiliary device channel, the main channel extending through a portion of the cylinder head other than the exhaust port-side portion, the auxiliary device channel extending through an auxiliary device; a temperature detecting portion configured to detect a temperature of an engine; and a channel switching valve configured to perform connection between the main channel and the auxiliary device channel and connection between the heater circulation passage and the auxiliary device circulation passage depending on the detected temperature falling within one of three temperature ranges.