When a coolant controlled to have a constant target temperature is used regardless of a traveling condition of a vehicle, a fuel efficiency of the vehicle may be reduced. Therefore, a VCU 1 predicts the output of an internal combustion engine in a future prediction period on the basis of position information of the vehicle acquired from a positioning unit, traffic information related to a route to a destination, and internal combustion engine control information, determines a target coolant temperature which is the target temperature of the coolant for cooling the internal combustion engine on the basis of the predicted output of the internal combustion engine, sets the change timing for changing the temperature of the coolant to the target coolant temperature on the basis of the predicted output of the internal combustion engine, and controls the operation of the coolant temperature change unit for changing the temperature of the coolant at the change timing so as to reach the target coolant temperature on the basis of the predicted output of the internal combustion engine.

When a coolant controlled to have a constant target temperature is used regardless of a traveling condition of a vehicle, a fuel efficiency of the vehicle may be reduced. Therefore, a VCU 1 predicts the output of an internal combustion engine in a future prediction period on the basis of position information of the vehicle acquired from a positioning unit, traffic information related to a route to a destination, and internal combustion engine control information, determines a target coolant temperature which is the target temperature of the coolant for cooling the internal combustion engine on the basis of the predicted output of the internal combustion engine, sets the change timing for changing the temperature of the coolant to the target coolant temperature on the basis of the predicted output of the internal combustion engine, and controls the operation of the coolant temperature change unit for changing the temperature of the coolant at the change timing so as to reach the target coolant temperature on the basis of the predicted output of the internal combustion engine.

A piston for an internal combustion engine may include a piston crown having a closed circumferential cooling channel, a piston skirt, a first metallic coolant arranged in the cooling channel and having a metal or metal alloy with a melting point below 250° C., and a second nonmetallic coolant arranged in the cooling channel and having a melting point below 40° C. and a density which is lower than a density of the first coolant.

A piston for an internal combustion engine may include a piston crown having a closed circumferential cooling channel, a piston skirt, a first metallic coolant arranged in the cooling channel and having a metal or metal alloy with a melting point below 250° C., and a second nonmetallic coolant arranged in the cooling channel and having a melting point below 40° C. and a density which is lower than a density of the first coolant.

An oil supply element for supplying oil into a cooling channel of a piston in an internal combustion engine, may include a channel having a lateral opening with an oil discharge element and may be configured to direct a partial oil flow via the oil discharge element and the lateral opening to at least one of an underside of a piston crown, a hub, and a piston interior.

An oil supply element for supplying oil into a cooling channel of a piston in an internal combustion engine, may include a channel having a lateral opening with an oil discharge element and may be configured to direct a partial oil flow via the oil discharge element and the lateral opening to at least one of an underside of a piston crown, a hub, and a piston interior.

A piston for an internal combustion engine may include a cooling duct having at least one feed opening. The piston may also include a feed funnel arranged within the at least one feed opening. The feed funnel may be fixed in the at least one feed opening via a blind rivet connection.

A piston for an internal combustion engine may include a cooling duct having at least one feed opening. The piston may also include a feed funnel arranged within the at least one feed opening. The feed funnel may be fixed in the at least one feed opening via a blind rivet connection.

An oil pump for an engine is disclosed. The oil pump may include a first pump mechanism configured to supply oil to a main lubrication gallery of the engine, and a second pump mechanism configured to supply oil to a piston cooling gallery of the engine. The first pump mechanism may be designed for a first type of engine and the second pump mechanism may be designed for a second type of engine. The first type of engine may have a greater quantity of cylinders than the second type of engine.

Systems, apparatus, and methods described herein can overcome some of the disadvantages associated with existing internal combustion engines. In particular, systems, apparatus, and methods described herein relate to improving the combustion process of internal combustion engines through insert technologies, engine modifications, control technologies, and/or other methodologies.