A device and method of providing instruction to a patient regarding the dosing of insulin is provided.

An air flow controller for an air cleaner and an air cleaner are provided. The air flow controller may include a fan, and a housing, the fan being provided in the housing and the housing being movable from an initial horizontal position in which the air flow controller directs air flow in a vertical direction to an inclined position in which the air flow controller directs air flow in a diagonal direction.

An intake-air temperature controlling device for an engine is provided, which includes an engine body, an intake passage, an air intake part, an intake air temperature adjuster configured to adjust air temperature taken in through the air intake part to the passage, and a controller. An operating range in which the CI combustion is performed has a lean operating range in which A/F of mixture gas formed inside the cylinder, or G/F that is a relationship between the total weight G of gas inside the cylinder and a weight F of fuel fed to the cylinder is relatively low, and a rich operating range in which the A/F or G/F is relatively high. When the engine is in the lean operating range, the controller outputs a control signal to the intake air temperature adjuster so that the air temperature is increased, as compared in the rich operating range.

A compression ignition engine with a supercharger is provided, which includes one or more valves configured to switch a state between a first state where intake air is boosted by the supercharger and a second state where it is not boosted, a fluid temperature adjuster configured to adjust a temperature of engine coolant to be supplied to a radiator from an engine body, and a controller. When the engine operates in a high-load range, the controller controls the combustion mode to be in a compression ignition combustion mode, and causes the valve(s) to be in the first state, and in a low-load range, the controller causes the valve(s) to be in the second state. In the high-load range, the controller outputs a control signal to the fluid temperature adjuster so that a target temperature of the engine coolant is lowered than that in the low-load range.

A thermostatic valve for an internal combustion engine, including a housing with a plurality of coolant connections for connection to a coolant circuit of the internal combustion engine, a valve element which is mounted movably in the housing such that a movement of the valve element, at least two coolant connections of the housing are either connectable to one another or separable from one another, an expansion element which is arranged in order, during the operation of the internal combustion engine, to enter into thermal contact with coolant circulating in the coolant circuit, wherein, in the event of a heat-induced expansion, the expansion element moves the valve element in the housing in order to connect the at least two coolant connections, wherein a controllable heating device is provided such that the expansion element can be heated in order to move the valve element.

An engine fluid heating apparatus, preventing failure in heating fluid, is provided. A control device opens a sub switch during an initial opening period (“IOP”) after closing a main switch, and the control device closes the sub switch during an initial closing period (“ICP”) after the IOP. Circuit normality is displayed by turning on an indicator lamp when a heater feeding circuit is electrically conducted via a bypass electric circuit during the IOP. Heater feeding is displayed by turning off the indicator lamp when power is supplied to the electric heater via a trunk electric circuit during the ICP. Circuit abnormality is displayed by turning off the indicator lamp when the heater feeding circuit is not electrically conducted via the bypass electric circuit during the IOP, and the circuit abnormality display is held by keeping the indicator lamp off during the ICP immediately after the IOP.

A thermostat for an engine cooling system is arranged between an engine and a radiator. The thermostat may include: a housing having a coolant inlet through which inflow coolant flows in from the engine and a radiator side outlet; a main valve provided in the housing and coupled to one side of a wax to open and close the radiator side outlet by a change in volume of the wax; and a heating unit coupled to the other side of the wax to supply heat to the wax.

A coolant thermoelectric generation system may include a thermoelectric module 20 connected to a high temperature line 13 through which engine coolant flows and a low temperature line 24 through which coolant having a temperature lower than a temperature of the engine coolant flows, and configured to perform thermoelectric generation with a heat exchange effect based on a coolant temperature difference between the engine coolant and the coolant having a temperature lower than a temperature of the engine coolant with a thermoelectric element 21 interposed therebetween; a heat exchange line 16, in which the heat exchange effect occurs, and a bypass line 17, in which no heat exchange effect occurs, the heat exchange line and the bypass line connected to the high temperature line to form two paths, respectively 13; and built-in valves 14, 14-1, 14-2 located in the internal space of the thermoelectric module, and configured to adjust flow rates of the coolant in the heat exchange line and the bypass line.

A governing system of an engine coolant control system in which first and second portions of coolant are pumped from an engine to a regulator and back to the engine and from the engine to a radiator and back to the engine, respectively, is provided. The governing system includes a temperature sensor of the engine to sense coolant temperatures, an ambient temperature sensor of the radiator to sense ambient temperatures, a heating element disposed to heat the first portion of the coolant at one of a location upstream from the regulator and the regulator, a valve operably disposed along a section of piping through which the first portion of the coolant flows from the engine to the regulator and a controller which controls operations of the heating element and the valve in accordance with the readings of the temperature sensor of the engine and the ambient temperature sensor.

The present embodiments disclose a method of running an air inlet system upstream of one or more inlet air filters of a device protected by air filtration, wherein the method comprises: regulating the relative air humidity of the inlet air at the one or more inlet air filters in dependence of the inlet air filters differential pressure.