Systems and methods for separating hydrocarbons on an internal combustion powered vehicle via one or more metal organic frameworks are disclosed. Systems and methods can further include utilizing separated hydrocarbons and exhaust to generate hydrogen gas for use as fuel.

An engine controller according to one aspect of the invention is applied to a cylinder injection engine including a fuel injection valve that directly injects fuel into a cylinder. The engine controller determines whether knocking is occurring based on a signal from a knocking sensor. When the knocking is occurring, the engine controller performs partial lift fuel injection at a predetermined timing close to an ignition timing. The partial lift fuel injection is performed with a lift amount of a valve body of the fuel injection valve limited within a range between a minimum lift amount (0) and a partial lift amount, which is smaller than a maximum lift amount.

An engine controller according to one aspect of the invention is applied to a cylinder injection engine including a fuel injection valve that directly injects fuel into a cylinder. The engine controller determines whether knocking is occurring based on a signal from a knocking sensor. When the knocking is occurring, the engine controller performs partial lift fuel injection at a predetermined timing close to an ignition timing. The partial lift fuel injection is performed with a lift amount of a valve body of the fuel injection valve limited within a range between a minimum lift amount (0) and a partial lift amount, which is smaller than a maximum lift amount.

Systems and methods for separating hydrocarbons on an internal combustion powered vehicle via one or more metal organic frameworks are disclosed. Systems and methods can further include utilizing separated hydrocarbons and exhaust to generate hydrogen gas for use as fuel. In one aspect, a method for separating hydrocarbons can include contacting a first component containing a first metal organic framework with a flow of hydrocarbons and separating hydrocarbons by size. In certain embodiments, the hydrocarbons can include alkanes.

Systems and methods for separating hydrocarbons on an internal combustion powered vehicle via one or more metal organic frameworks are disclosed. Systems and methods can further include utilizing separated hydrocarbons and exhaust to generate hydrogen gas for use as fuel. In one aspect, a method for separating hydrocarbons can include contacting a first component containing a first metal organic framework with a flow of hydrocarbons and separating hydrocarbons by size. In certain embodiments, the hydrocarbons can include alkanes.

In an exhaust gas turbocharger, comprising a first radial bearing and a second radial bearing configured for the radial support of a shaft of the exhaust gas turbocharger, wherein the first radial bearing comprises a bearing axis extending in alignment with the bearing axis of the second radial bearing which is arranged spaced from the first radial bearing, a third radial bearing with a third bearing axis, which is extends parallel to, but at a distance (E) from, the first bearing axis and the second bearing axis is arranged between the first and second radial bearings.

An aftercooler is provided comprising a housing, an outlet diverter coupled to the housing and having an outlet port, and an inlet diffuser comprising a forward wall having a peripheral rim coupled to the housing, an upper wall connected to the forward wall, a lower wall connected to the forward wall, a first side wall connected to the upper wall and the lower wall and having a first end disposed adjacent the peripheral rim and a second end disposed adjacent an inlet port of the inlet diffuser, a second side wall connected to the upper wall and the lower wall and having a first end disposed adjacent the peripheral rim and a second end disposed adjacent the inlet port, and a plurality of fins disposed within an interior volume of the inlet diffuser collectively distributing air across an outlet opening of the inlet diffuser for delivery to the housing.

An aftercooler is provided comprising a housing, an outlet diverter coupled to the housing and having an outlet port, and an inlet diffuser comprising a forward wall having a peripheral rim coupled to the housing, an upper wall connected to the forward wall, a lower wall connected to the forward wall, a first side wall connected to the upper wall and the lower wall and having a first end disposed adjacent the peripheral rim and a second end disposed adjacent an inlet port of the inlet diffuser, a second side wall connected to the upper wall and the lower wall and having a first end disposed adjacent the peripheral rim and a second end disposed adjacent the inlet port, and a plurality of fins disposed within an interior volume of the inlet diffuser collectively distributing air across an outlet opening of the inlet diffuser for delivery to the housing.

A hybrid combustion mode of an internal combustion engine and a controller thereof, an internal combustion engine, and an automobile. The hybrid combustion mode of an internal combustion engine comprises: directly injecting fuel in a cylinder, using ignition combustion control when the internal combustion engine is started, and increasing the inlet temperature and inlet pressure by using a turbocharger; using homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion mode when the internal combustion engine is run, and except when the engine flames out, opening all throttles, not performing exhaust relief control on the turbocharger, increasing filled gas amount by using the turbocharger, and increasing the combustion temperature and pressure of a tail end of a cylinder compression stroke; and when the internal combustion engine is low in load, or when it cannot be determined, through the temperature of a water tank and the inlet pressure behind the throttle, that a compression ignition condition is met, switching a combustion control mode from ignition to compression ignition, if a compression ignition state can be switched to smoothly, maintaining the compression ignition combustion mode, and if the compression ignition state cannot be switched to smoothly and therefore the rotation speed of the engine decreases abnormally, quickly recovering the ignition combustion control mode. Cool start of low-octane gasoline internal combustion engine in a low-temperature environment can be implemented.

A hybrid combustion mode of an internal combustion engine and a controller thereof, an internal combustion engine, and an automobile. The hybrid combustion mode of an internal combustion engine comprises: directly injecting fuel in a cylinder, using ignition combustion control when the internal combustion engine is started, and increasing the inlet temperature and inlet pressure by using a turbocharger; using homogeneous charge compression ignition combustion mode when the internal combustion engine is run, and except when the engine flames out, opening all throttles, not performing exhaust relief control on the turbocharger, increasing filled gas amount by using the turbocharger, and increasing the combustion temperature and pressure of a tail end of a cylinder compression stroke; and when the internal combustion engine is low in load, or when it cannot be determined, through the temperature of a water tank and the inlet pressure behind the throttle, that a compression ignition condition is met, switching a combustion control mode from ignition to compression ignition, if a compression ignition state can be switched to smoothly, maintaining the compression ignition combustion mode, and if the compression ignition state cannot be switched to smoothly and therefore the rotation speed of the engine decreases abnormally, quickly recovering the ignition combustion control mode. Cool start of low-octane gasoline internal combustion engine in a low-temperature environment can be implemented.