A passive prechamber spark plug for use in a combustion chamber of a vehicle engine includes an upper prechamber having an upper opening where the upper prechamber is connectable to the combustion chamber via the upper opening. An air ignition spark is formable via an upper air spark gap. A central electrode is disposed in an upper region of the upper prechamber where a base of the upper prechamber opposite the upper region is an insulator. An electrically conductive element or a slot is guided by the insulator continuously from the upper prechamber into a lower region under the base and the lower region is either a lower prechamber or is arrangeable directly in the combustion chamber. An earth electrode is disposed in the lower region such that a lower air spark gap is formed between the earth electrode and the electrically conductive element or the slot.

A passive prechamber spark plug for use in a combustion chamber of a vehicle engine includes an upper prechamber having an upper opening where the upper prechamber is connectable to the combustion chamber via the upper opening. An air ignition spark is formable via an upper air spark gap. A central electrode is disposed in an upper region of the upper prechamber where a base of the upper prechamber opposite the upper region is an insulator. An electrically conductive element or a slot is guided by the insulator continuously from the upper prechamber into a lower region under the base and the lower region is either a lower prechamber or is arrangeable directly in the combustion chamber. An earth electrode is disposed in the lower region such that a lower air-surface gap spark gap is formed between the earth electrode and the electrically conductive element or the slot.

A fuel supply system for an active pre-combustor, including a cylinder assembly. The cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder head, a cylinder body, and a piston. The cylinder head, the cylinder body and the piston form a main combustor. The fuel supply system for the active precombustor further includes a precombustion chamber assembly and a plunger air pump assembly. The pre-combustor assembly is communicated with the main combustor. The plunger air pump assembly is communicated with the pre-combustor assembly. The plunger air pump assembly can actively mix air with fuel into a mixed fuel and deliver it into the pre-combustor assembly (20). The fuel supply system for the active pre-combustor supplies the mixed fuel to the pre-combustor on the basis of a reciprocating stroke opposite to the piston by adding the plunger air pump assembly on the pre-combustor assembly, and is safe, reliable, and efficient.

A fuel supply system for an active pre-combustor, including a cylinder assembly. The cylinder assembly comprises a cylinder head, a cylinder body, and a piston. The cylinder head, the cylinder body and the piston form a main combustor. The fuel supply system for the active precombustor further includes a precombustion chamber assembly and a plunger air pump assembly. The pre-combustor assembly is communicated with the main combustor. The plunger air pump assembly is communicated with the pre-combustor assembly. The plunger air pump assembly can actively mix air with fuel into a mixed fuel and deliver it into the pre-combustor assembly (20). The fuel supply system for the active pre-combustor supplies the mixed fuel to the pre-combustor on the basis of a reciprocating stroke opposite to the piston by adding the plunger air pump assembly on the pre-combustor assembly, and is safe, reliable, and efficient.

The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) with at least one recess (23) for arranging at least one gas valve (20) and at least one spark plug (15). The spark plug (15) reaches into a pre-chamber (17) and is arranged along a spark plug rotational axis (16), and the gas valve (20) is arranged along a gas valve rotational axis (19), wherein the gas valve rotational axis (19) is inclined relative to the spark plug rotational axis (16). and the distance (A) between the gas valve rotational axis (19) and the spark plug rotational axis (16) decreases as the distance to the pre-chamber (17) increases in a direction facing away from the combustion chamber (2). The aim of the invention is to provide an improved cylinder head (1) which allows an improved assembly and requires less installation space. According to the invention, this is achieved by the aforementioned cylinder head (1) in that the recess (23) for the spark plug (15) and the gas valve (20) has a surface (0) which is formed by a primary molding process, preferably a casting process, and is post-processed particularly preferably without machining.

The invention relates to a cylinder head (1) with at least one recess (23) for arranging at least one gas valve (20) and at least one spark plug (15). The spark plug (15) reaches into a pre-chamber (17) and is arranged along a spark plug rotational axis (16), and the gas valve (20) is arranged along a gas valve rotational axis (19), wherein the gas valve rotational axis (19) is inclined relative to the spark plug rotational axis (16). and the distance (A) between the gas valve rotational axis (19) and the spark plug rotational axis (16) decreases as the distance to the pre-chamber (17) increases in a direction facing away from the combustion chamber (2). The aim of the invention is to provide an improved cylinder head (1) which allows an improved assembly and requires less installation space. According to the invention, this is achieved by the aforementioned cylinder head (1) in that the recess (23) for the spark plug (15) and the gas valve (20) has a surface (0) which is formed by a primary molding process, preferably a casting process, and is post-processed particularly preferably without machining.

In certain embodiments with large size prechambers and/or with prechambers that have large spark-gap electrode assemblies, a poor scavenge of the crevice volume may cause deterioration of the preignition margin, which then may limit the power rating of the engine, may cause the flow velocity field of the fuel-air mixture to be excessively uneven and may result in the deterioration of the misfire limit. One or more auxiliary scavenging ports may allow admission of fuel rich mixture to the crevice volume, thereby cooling the residual gases and preventing occurrence of preignition. More organized and powerful flow velocity fields may be obtained in the spark-gap electrode assembly region. This condition may result in a significant extension of the flammability limit and may significantly improve the combustion efficiency of the prechamber. Passive prechambers using the active scavenge concept may increase the engine power output and reduce the emission of pollutants from engine combustion.

A pre-combustion chamber system is presented. The pre-combustion chamber system includes a pre-combustion chamber housing defining a pre-combustion chamber, a cooling chamber housing surrounding the pre-combustion chamber housing, a cooling chamber defined between the pre-combustion chamber housing and the cooling chamber housing. The pre-combustion chamber system includes a flow agitator arranged in the pre-combustion chamber housing protruding into the pre-combustion chamber. The flow agitator increases flow disturbance in the pre-combustion chamber for improving mixture of fuel and air. Cooling of the pre-combustion chamber system is improved by dividing the cooling chamber into a cooling inner chamber and a cooling outlet chamber or by arranging cooling fins in the pre-combustion chamber housing extending into the cooling chamber.

A pre-combustion chamber system is presented. The pre-combustion chamber system includes a pre-combustion chamber housing defining a pre-combustion chamber, a cooling chamber housing surrounding the pre-combustion chamber housing, a cooling chamber defined between the pre-combustion chamber housing and the cooling chamber housing. The pre-combustion chamber system includes a flow agitator arranged in the pre-combustion chamber housing protruding into the pre-combustion chamber. The flow agitator increases flow disturbance in the pre-combustion chamber for improving mixture of fuel and air. Cooling of the pre-combustion chamber system is improved by dividing the cooling chamber into a cooling inner chamber and a cooling outlet chamber or by arranging cooling fins in the pre-combustion chamber housing extending into the cooling chamber.

A cylinder head for an internal combustion engine comprising a prechamber (3), wherein a prechamber gas valve (5) is fitted into a cavity in the cylinder head (2) and the prechamber gas valve (5) is connected to the prechamber (3) by way of a flow transfer passage (10), wherein the flow transfer passage (10) has a first portion (8) adjoining the prechamber gas valve (5) and a second portion (1) into which the first portion (8) opens, wherein the second portion (1) extends at least around a part of a periphery of the prechamber (3), wherein the second portion (1) has an uninterrupted peripheral surface apart from that opening (7) with which it passes into the prechamber (3).