A split cycle internal combustion engine comprising a compression cylinder accommodating a compression piston; a combustion cylinder accommodating a combustion piston; a crossover passage between the compression cylinder and the combustion cylinder arranged to provide working fluid to the combustion cylinder; a controller arranged to determine a peak temperature of combustion in the combustion cylinder based on a received indication of a peak temperature of combustion in the combustion cylinder; and a coolant system arranged to regulate a temperature of the working fluid supplied to the combustion cylinder; wherein, in response to determining that the peak temperature of combustion exceeds a selected threshold, the controller is configured to control the coolant system to regulate the temperature of the working fluid supplied to the combustion cylinder so that a peak temperature of combustion in the combustion cylinder is less than the selected threshold.

A turbocharger system comprises: a gas input for receiving exhaust gases from an engine; a first turbocharger comprising a first compressor driven by a first turbine, arranged to be driven by received exhaust gases and providing a compressed air output defining a boost pressure a second turbocharger, arranged to be driven by exhaust gases passing through the first turbocharger or exhaust gases received at the gas input and being coupled to an electrical generator operative to provide electrical power, the first turbine not being coupled to an electrical generator; and a controller. A diversion mechanism may be configured to affect the flow of exhaust gases between the gas input and the first turbocharger. The controller may be configured to adjust the operation of the electrical generator independently from the operating mode of the associated engine, to affect the boost pressure.

An exhaust casing for use with a turbocharger includes a hollow body that has two mutually opposed large walls, which extend along first and second major dimensions of the hollow body and are spaced apart by a minor dimension of the hollow body, the hollow body defining a plenum and an inlet nozzle opening into the plenum along the minor dimension of the hollow body. The casing further includes an outlet nozzle opening from the plenum along one of the major dimensions of the hollow body.

An engine system for a motor vehicle is provided. The engine system includes a first exhaust-gas turbine in a first turbocharger driven by exhaust gas from the engine, a second exhaust-gas turbine in a second turbocharger driven by exhaust gas from the engine, a bypass coupled upstream and downstream of the first exhaust-gas turbine, and a pneumatic charge pressure control device including a bypass valve positioned in the bypass and a charge pressure control valve pneumatically coupled to the bypass valve and an intake line downstream of a first compressor included in the first turbocharger, the pneumatic charge pressure control device further including an adaptation unit pneumatically coupled to the bypass valve and an exhaust line upstream of the second exhaust-gas turbine.

A turbocharger system for a vehicle comprising a turbocharger, a tank for compressed gas and an exhaust manifold conduit in fluid communication with an inlet of the turbocharger. The tank is in fluid communication with the manifold conduit and is arranged and controlled to push compressed gas into the manifold conduit during a predetermined pulse duration time period for initial compressor spin up in the turbocharger.

An engine system is mounted on a vehicle and includes an engine and a turbocharger. The engine system control apparatus includes: a driving state identifier that identifies a driving state of the vehicle from a plurality of driving states; a surge determiner that determines whether a surge condition as a condition under which a surge noise is generated is satisfied, based on the identified driving state of the vehicle and an operating state of the engine; and a variable nozzle controller that controls, based on the identified driving state of the vehicle and the operating state of the engine, an opening degree of a variable nozzle of the turbocharger to be varied in an open direction, upon determination by the surge determiner that the surge condition is satisfied.

An engine system is mounted on a vehicle and includes an engine and a turbocharger. The engine system control apparatus includes: a driving state identifier that identifies a driving state of the vehicle from a plurality of driving states; a surge determiner that determines whether a surge condition as a condition under which a surge noise is generated is satisfied, based on the identified driving state of the vehicle and an operating state of the engine; and a variable nozzle controller that controls, based on the identified driving state of the vehicle and the operating state of the engine, an opening degree of a variable nozzle of the turbocharger to be varied in an open direction, upon determination by the surge determiner that the surge condition is satisfied.

An internal combustion engine may be coupled to a two-step engine boosting system to provide desired boost to the engine to meet torque demand. The two-step engine boosting system may first provide boost to the engine by nitrous oxide injection into the engine, followed by switching to providing boost from a frame rail air boosting system to generate the desired boost. Air from an air pump coupled to a transmission of the engine may flow air to the frame rail air boosting system for storage and for subsequent use in providing boost to the engine.

An internal combustion engine may be coupled to a two-step engine boosting system to provide desired boost to the engine to meet torque demand. The two-step engine boosting system may first provide boost to the engine by nitrous oxide injection into the engine, followed by switching to providing boost from a frame rail air boosting system to generate the desired boost. Air from an air pump coupled to a transmission of the engine may flow air to the frame rail air boosting system for storage and for subsequent use in providing boost to the engine.

An EGR-mixer system may include an exhaust gas recirculation valve and a venturi mixer. The venturi mixer may be constructed and arranged to facilitate condensation of water out of exhaust gas and/or intake air entering the EGR-mixer system after which the condensate may be collected and the exhaust gas and/or intake air may flow through the EGR-mixer system.