An energy transfer machine includes a piston and cylinder. The piston can have a rocking motion as it enters and exits the cylinder, for example due to one being on a rotor and the other on a stator. The piston and cylinder form a primary chamber, and as they move relative to each other can form a seal separating the primary chamber into first and second sub-chambers which then unseals before the piston exits the cylinder. The first sub-chamber may reach a maximum geometric compression ratio, for example for the purpose of compression ignition, before the unsealing of the sub-chambers.

An internal combustion engine includes a crankcase and a cylinder head. The cylinder head and the crankcase delimit at least one cylinder in which a translationally moving piston is arranged. A water injection device injects water into the at least one cylinder. A crankcase ventilation device is fluidically connected to the crankcase. A blow-by mixture containing injection water can flow through the crankcase ventilation device. The crankcase ventilation device has an activated charcoal filter. The blow-by mixture containing the injection water can flow through the activated charcoal filter.

An internal combustion engine includes a crankcase and a cylinder head. The cylinder head and the crankcase delimit at least one cylinder in which a translationally moving piston is arranged. A water injection device injects water into the at least one cylinder. A crankcase ventilation device is fluidically connected to the crankcase. A blow-by mixture containing injection water can flow through the crankcase ventilation device. The crankcase ventilation device has an activated charcoal filter. The blow-by mixture containing the injection water can flow through the activated charcoal filter.

A fuel pump for a liquid fuel water injection system of a motor vehicle is provided. The fuel pump includes a low-pressure pump that mixes water from a water tank of the motor vehicle with liquid fuel from a fuel tank of the motor vehicle to a liquid fuel water emulsion and provides the liquid fuel water emulsion at a low pressure. A high-pressure pump is in fluid communication with the low-pressure pump and compresses the liquid fuel water emulsion from the low pressure to a high pressure for injecting the liquid fuel water emulsion into an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle via an injection rail of the motor vehicle. A pump drive drives the low-pressure pump and the high-pressure pump synchronously with a pump frequency independently from an engine speed of the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle.

A fuel pump for a liquid fuel water injection system of a motor vehicle is provided. The fuel pump includes a low-pressure pump that mixes water from a water tank of the motor vehicle with liquid fuel from a fuel tank of the motor vehicle to a liquid fuel water emulsion and provides the liquid fuel water emulsion at a low pressure. A high-pressure pump is in fluid communication with the low-pressure pump and compresses the liquid fuel water emulsion from the low pressure to a high pressure for injecting the liquid fuel water emulsion into an internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle via an injection rail of the motor vehicle. A pump drive drives the low-pressure pump and the high-pressure pump synchronously with a pump frequency independently from an engine speed of the internal combustion engine of the motor vehicle.

A split cycle internal combustion engine apparatus includes a combustion cylinder accommodating a combustion piston and a compression cylinder accommodating a compression piston. The apparatus is arranged to provide compressed fluid to the combustion cylinder. The compression cylinder is coupled to a first liquid coolant reservoir and a second liquid coolant reservoir. A controller is arranged to receive an indication of at least one parameter associated with the engine, and control delivery of at least one of the first liquid coolant from the first liquid coolant reservoir and the second liquid coolant from the second liquid coolant reservoir to the compression cylinder based on the indication of the at least one parameter such that the at least one liquid coolant vaporises into a gaseous phase during a compression stroke.

A device for injecting water into a combustion chamber or into an intake tract of an internal combustion engine includes a rail and at least one injection valve connected to the rail. The connection is produced by means of a rail cup, which surrounds the injection valve at the rail-side end of the injection valve. The injection valve has a feed channel open toward the rail, in which feed channel at least some portions of an insert are received in order to reduce the feed cross-section.

A device for injecting water into a combustion chamber or into an intake tract of an internal combustion engine includes a rail and at least one injection valve connected to the rail. The connection is produced by means of a rail cup, which surrounds the injection valve at the rail-side end of the injection valve. The injection valve has a feed channel open toward the rail, in which feed channel at least some portions of an insert are received in order to reduce the feed cross-section.

An engine system includes an engine, a water injection device that injects heated water into a combustion chamber, an accelerator position sensor that detects the accelerator position, and a controller that controls the water injection device so as to inject water into the combustion chamber during a compression stroke. The controller obtains a requested torque to be applied to the vehicle based on the accelerator position, obtains the requested engine load that is the load of the engine corresponding to the requested torque, and controls the water injection device so as to make the water injection amount when the requested engine load is in a first load region smaller than the water injection amount when the requested engine load is in a second load region in which the requested engine load is smaller than in the first load region.

An engine system includes an engine, a water injection device that injects heated water into a combustion chamber, an accelerator position sensor that detects the accelerator position, and a controller that controls the water injection device so as to inject water into the combustion chamber during a compression stroke. The controller obtains a requested torque to be applied to the vehicle based on the accelerator position, obtains the requested engine load that is the load of the engine corresponding to the requested torque, and controls the water injection device so as to make the water injection amount when the requested engine load is in a first load region smaller than the water injection amount when the requested engine load is in a second load region in which the requested engine load is smaller than in the first load region.